Experiences from the <scp>B</scp>razilian <scp>A</scp>tlantic <scp>F</scp>orest: ecological findings and conservation initiatives

Joly, Carlos A.; Metzger, Jean Paul; Tabarelli, Marcelo

doi:10.1111/nph.12989

Cited by 407 publications

(294 citation statements)

References 140 publications

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“…In this context, we investigated the roles of phenotypic plasticity and local adaptation in the ecological distribution of a Neotropical, threatened, and once widely distributed palm in different forest types of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest, one of the most species‐rich and threatened ecosystems on the Earth (Joly, Metzger, & Tabarelli, 2014). We explored the range distribution of the economically and ecologically important palm species Euterpe edulis in three forest types within the Atlantic Forest biome.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenotypic plasticity and local adaptation favor range expansion of a Neotropical palm

Brancalion

Oliveira

Zucchi

et al. 2018

Ecology and Evolution

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One of the most intriguing questions in plant ecology is which evolutionary strategy allows widely distributed species to increase their ecological range and grow in changing environmental conditions. Phenotypic plasticity and local adaptations are major processes governing species range margins, but little is known about their relative contribution for tree species distribution in tropical forest regions. We investigated the relative role of phenotypic plasticity and local adaptation in the ecological distribution of the widespread palm Euterpe edulis in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. Genetic sampling and experiments were performed in old‐growth remnants of two forest types with higher (Seasonal Semideciduous Forests vs. Submontane Rainforest) and lower biogeographic association and environmental similarities (Submontane Rainforest vs. Restinga Forest). We first assessed the molecular genetic differentiation among populations, focusing on the group of loci potentially under selection in each forest, using single‐nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) outliers. Further, we looked for potential adaptive divergence among populations in a common garden experiment and in reciprocal transplants for two plant development phases: seedling establishment and sapling growth. Analysis with outlier loci indicated that all individuals from the Semideciduous Forest formed a single group, while another group was formed by overlapping individuals from Submontane Rainforest and Restinga Forest. Molecular differentiation was corroborated by reciprocal transplants, which yielded strong evidence of local adaptations for seedling establishment in the biogeographically divergent Rainforest and Semideciduous Forest, but not for Restinga Forest and Submontane Rainforest. Phenotypic plasticity for palm seedling establishment favors range expansion to biogeographically related or recently colonized forest types, while persistence in the newly colonized ecosystem may be favored by local adaptations if climatic conditions diverge over time, reducing gene flow between populations. SNPs obtained by next‐generation sequencing can help exploring adaptive genetic variation in tropical trees, which impose several challenges to the use of reciprocal transplants.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenotypic plasticity and local adaptation favor range expansion of a Neotropical palm

Brancalion

Oliveira

Zucchi

et al. 2018

Ecology and Evolution

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“…Tree assemblages inhabiting forest edges and small forest fragments (i.e. edge-affected habitats) have provided key evidence on the potential effects imposed by habitat loss and fragmentation, particularly the establishment of forest edges immersed into openhabitat matrices (see reviews in Tabarelli et al 2010b andJoly et al 2014). Impoverished tree assemblages are dominated by some pioneer species, which tend to proliferate from local to regional scales (Lôbo et al 2011;Tabarelli et al 2010a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Habitat fragmentation and the future structure of tree assemblages in a fragmented Atlantic forest landscape

et al. 2016

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The biodiversity value of human-modified landscapes has become a central question in tropical forest conservation biology, yet the degree to which plant populations and communities are restructured in response to environmental change remains unclear. . Here, we examine the density of 141 tree species in a fragmented Atlantic Forest landscape dominated by a long history of sugar-cane production. We document shifts in population density in small forest fragments to infer on the magnitude of fragmentationrelated effects, and ultimately the structure of future tree assemblages. Both tree seedlings and adults were sampled across 39 0.1-ha plots: 19 in small fragments (<100 ha) and 20 in mature forest stands within the interior of the largest forest remnant of the study landscape (3500 ha). A total of 5,448 seedlings and adults were recorded, with >55% of all tree species exhibiting higher densities in small fragments than in mature forest, particularly pioneers (>60% of all species). Seedlings and adults of these proliferating species differed from species exhibiting population declines in terms of wood density and seed size, respectively. Additionally, pioneers were more abundant than shade-tolerant species, as were hardwood species in the case of seedlings. Tree species showing highest population increases consisted largely of long-lived, lightdemanding canopy species bearing soft or hardwood and small-to-medium sized seeds. Tree assemblage structure also differed in terms of forest habitats with small forest fragments supporting few rare species, whereas the most rapidly proliferating species were much more widespread and abundant in fragments. However 60% of all adult pioneer species recorded in small fragments were not recorded as seedlings in this habitat type, although both seedling and adult assemblages were dominated by pioneer species. Edge-dominated tree assemblages therefore likely experience long term shifts towards greater dominance of long-lived, pioneer canopy species.

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“…However, Joly et al (2014) showed that conservation units protect only 9% of the remaining of the considered biome.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First record of Ilex taubertiana (Aquifoliaceae) in Espirito Santo state, Brazil

Zorzanelli¹,

Zorzanelli²,

Kunz³

2015

RCA

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Conservationist strategies for flora species are more robust and well-defined if the floristic knowledge of a particular taxonomic group is more elucidated. This paper reports the first record of Ilex taubertiana (Aquifoliaceae) in Espirito Santo state, as well as the expansion of its geographical distribution. We present a brief diagnosis, the ecological characteristics, comments, and a geographical distribution map of the species in question. Therefore, as a contribution to the knowledge of the Aquifoliaceae family, this paper reports the first record of Ilex taubertiana Loes. (Aquifoliaceae) in Espirito Santo state, as well as the expansion of the geographic distribution of this species typical of the "Serra do Mar" region. RESUMO: Materials and MethodsWe conducted this study based on the botanical collections by J.P.F. Zorzanelli from 'Serra do Valentim', municipality of Iúna, Espírito Santo state, between 2011 and 2015, and consulted the database SpeciesLink (2014) and "Lista de Espécies da Flora do Brasil" (Flora do Brasil 2020 to attest the veracity of the first record of I. taubertiana, as well as confirming with the taxonomist in the Ilex genus.We developed the taxonomic treatment of the species in question with the material deposited in the herbaria VIES (Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo) and SPFR (Universidade de São Paulo -Ribeirão Preto), and used the work of Brotto et al. (2007) and the description by Loizeau & Barriera (2007) to assist in the diagnosis and characterization of these samples. Acronyms of the cited botanical collections are according to those by Thiers (2014).We prepared the mapping of geographic distribution of I. taubertiana using points of geographic coordinates obtained in the database SpeciesLink (2014). We discarded the coordinates which we judged inconsistent for not locating the exact reference of the collect.We also provide additional information on diagnostic characters, ecology, and comments on I. taubertiana. Results and DiscussionIlex taubertiana Loes., in Loes., Monogr. Aquifoliacearum, Halle, 78: 1-567. 1901 (Figures 1a, b).

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Experiences from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest: ecological findings and conservation initiatives

Cited by 407 publications

References 140 publications

Phenotypic plasticity and local adaptation favor range expansion of a Neotropical palm

Phenotypic plasticity and local adaptation favor range expansion of a Neotropical palm

Habitat fragmentation and the future structure of tree assemblages in a fragmented Atlantic forest landscape

First record of Ilex taubertiana (Aquifoliaceae) in Espirito Santo state, Brazil

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