One of the most important tasks in construction, both in technical and aesthetic aspects is to increase the durability of external walls of buildings and structures. In connection with the development of energy-efficient construction, the construction of a multilayer wall with high performance properties is increasingly used due to the use of ceramic clinker brick as a decorative protective layer. At the same time, such a brick requires high-quality raw materials and high firing temperature, which leads to a significant increase in its cost. Therefore, currently, as a decorative facade cladding is used ceramic facing brick. An important component of brick structures is also a mortar that connects the elements of the brick in the masonry. At the same time, the porous structure of ceramic face brick and cement masonry mortars leads in operation to the penetration of moisture, both in the surface and in the deeper layers of masonry, destroying it, especially in conditions of alternating temperatures; in addition, the formation of efflorescence causes a decrease in the technical and decorative properties of brick structures by neural network.