Experience of hepatitis C virus seroprevalence and its genomic diversity among transfusion-dependent thalassemia patients in a transfusion center

Bhattacharyya, Kallol; Biswas, Aritra; Gupta, Debanjali; Sadhukhan, Provash Chandra

doi:10.4103/ajts.ajts_73_17

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 15 publications

(14 reference statements)

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“…Our results showed a seroprevalence of 26%, though, a variable range of HCV prevalence has been reported in prior studies (5.5% to 68.2%) [ 19 , 22 , 26 - 30 ]. Current prevalence of HCV in TM patients is 13.6% in Iran, 14.7% in Bangladesh and 11-30% in India [ 32 - 34 ]. This significant prevalence of HCV in Pakistan is predominantly due to a lack of centralized system, specialized care centers, voluntary remunerated blood donations (VNRDs), low socioeconomic status of patients, and improper blood donor screening [ 35 ].…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Transfusion Transmissible Infections in Beta-Thalassemia Major Patients in Pakistan: A Systemic Review

Ehsan¹,

Wahab²,

Anwer³

et al. 2020

Cureus

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β-thalassemia major (TM) is one of the most prevalent inherited hemoglobinopathies in Pakistan. It has one of the highest prevalence of transfusion-dependent TM patients globally, with an estimated greater than 100,000 active cases. Blood transfusions (BT) are essential in the management of severe TM; it is critical to have a safe BT to reduce the risk of transfusion transmissible infections (TTIs). Frequent blood transfusions in these patients increase their risk of acquiring TTIs compared to the general population. We performed a systematic literature search to identify studies related to the TTIs and transfusion-related infections in Pakistan from January 1, 2010, to January 31, 2020. The search was conducted using PubMed and PakMediNet, with initial search retrieved 981 studies. Among these, 166 studies met the inclusion criteria, and only 14 studies met the final criteria for qualitative synthesis. Analysis of 14 studies (n = 3786) showed the seroprevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) of 3.13% (0.66% to 7.4%) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) of 26% (5.56% to 68.2%). There were only two studies that reported HIV seroprevalence of 0% and 0.5% (n = 6). The rate of seropositivity for HBV and HCV was directly related to the number of transfusions, higher ferritin levels, and older age groups. There was an increase in the HCV rate with the increasing age of patients. Thalassemia patients, who were older than ten years of age, had an HCV rate of 22% compared to only 8.4% in patients younger than ten years of age. A comparison of HCV in healthy donors vs. thalassemia patients showed a rate of 1.9% vs. 13.1% for TM patients. The majority of the patients were males (51% to 88%). The seroprevalence of TTIs was higher in males than in females (73.4% vs. 26.6%). On average, a single TM patient is exposed to at least 17 different donors annually, requiring 1-2 transfusions every month. Our study highlights that the prevalence of transfusion-transmitted infections, especially HCV, is alarmingly higher (26%) in the TM population than in the general population. There is limited data regarding the prevalence of HIV, syphilis, and malaria in this population. This is mainly due to a fragmented system of blood transfusion, weak regulations, and lower rates of voluntary blood donations. These findings warrant better health measures to improve the blood donation system and specialized care for TM patients.

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Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Transfusion Transmissible Infections in Beta-Thalassemia Major Patients in Pakistan: A Systemic Review

Ehsan¹,

Wahab²,

Anwer³

et al. 2020

Cureus

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“…Furthermore, patients with thalassemia demonstrated similar frequencies of SENV infection, regardless of their HCV infection status. The high rate of SENV infections among these patients reflects the similarly high rate of HCV infections typically observed in these patients [12]. The high rates of infection for SENV and HCV in this patient population may be due similar transmission risk factors, e.g., blood transfusions.…”

Section: Plos Neglected Tropical Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 78%

SEN virus genotype H distribution in β-thalassemic patients and in healthy donors in Iraq: Molecular and physiological study

2020

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The SEN virus (SENV) has been linked to transfusion-associated non-A-E hepatitis; however, information regarding SENV infections in patients with thalassemia, particularly in those with hepatitis virus co-infections, remains limited. This study investigated the frequency of SENV (genotypes D and H) infections in Iraqi patients with thalassemic patients infected and not infected with hepatitis C virus. The study involved 150 β-thalassemia patients (75 with HCV infections and 75 without) and 75 healthy blood donors. Patient levels of vitamins C and E, liver function markers, and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) were determined. Recovered viral nucleic acids were amplified using the conventional polymerase chain reaction (SENV DNA) or the real-time polymerase chain reaction (HCV RNA) techniques. Only 10% of healthy donors had evidence of SENV infection. Among patients with thalassemia, 80% and 77% of patients with and without concurrent HCV infections, respectively, had SENV infections. DNA sequencing analyses were performed on blood samples obtained from 29 patients. Patients with thalassemia, particularly those with SENV infections, had higher levels of several enzymatic liver function markers and total serum bilirubin (P < 0.05) than did healthy blood donors. Among the examined liver function markers, only gamma-glutamyl transferase demonstrated significantly higher levels in HCV-negative patients infected with SENV-H than in those infected with SENV-D (P = 0.01). There were significantly lower vitamin C, vitamin E, and glutathione peroxidase levels in patients than in healthy donors (P < 0.05), but only glutathione peroxidase levels were significantly lower in HCV-negative thalassemia patients infected with SENV than in those without SENV infections (P = 0.04). The SENV-H genotype sequences were similar to the global standard genes in GenBank. These results broaden our understanding the nature of the SENV-H genotype and the differential role of SENV-H infections, compared to SENV-D infections, in patients with thalassemia, in Iraq.

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“…Further, patients with thalassemia demonstrated similar frequencies of SENV infection, regardless of their HCV infection status. The high rate of SENV infections among these patients reflects the similarly high rate of HCV infections typically observed in these patients [12]. The similarly high rates of infection for SENV and HCV in this patient population may be due to their having similar transmission risk factors, e.g., blood transfusions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SEN virus genotype H distribution in β-thalassemic patients and in healthy donors in Iraq: Molecular and physiological study

Al-Ouqaili

Majeed

Al-Ani

2019

Preprint

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15The SEN virus (SENV) has been linked to transfusion-associated non-A-E hepatitis; however, 16 information regarding SENV infections in patients with thalassemia, particularly in those with 17 hepatitis virus co-infections, remains limited. This study investigated the frequency of SENV 18 (genotypes D and H) infections in Iraqi patients with thalassemia who were and were not 19 infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV). The study involved 150 β-thalessemia patients (75 with 20 HCV infections and 75 without) and 75 healthy blood donors. Patient levels of vitamins C and E, 21 liver function markers, and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) were determined. Recovered viral 22 nucleic acids were amplified using the conventional polymerase chain reaction (SENV DNA) or 23 the real-time polymerase chain reaction (HCV RNA) techniques. Only 10% of healthy donors 24 had evidence of SENV infection. Among patients with thalassemia, 80% and 77% of patients 25 with and without concurrent HCV infections, respectively, had SENV infections. DNA 26 sequencing analyses were performed on blood samples obtained from 29 patients. Patients with 27 thalassemia, particularly those with SENV infections, had higher levels of several enzymatic 28 liver function markers and total serum bilirubin (P < 0.05) than did healthy blood donors. Among 29 the examined liver function markers, only gamma-glutamyl transferase demonstrated 30 significantly higher levels in HCV-negative patients infected with SENV-H than in those 31 infected with SENV-D (P = 0.01). There were significantly lower vitamin C, vitamin E, and 32 glutathione peroxidase levels in patients than in healthy donors (P < 0.05), but only glutathione 33 peroxidase levels were significantly lower in HCV-negative thalassemia patients infected with 34 SENV than in those without SENV infections (P = 0.04). The SENV-H genotype sequences 35 were similar to the global standard genes in GenBank. These results increase our understanding 36 of the nature of the SENV-H genotype and the differential role of SENV-H infections, compared 37 to SENV-D infections, in patients with thalassemia, in Iraq. 39Author summary 40 In patients with β-thalassemia, regular blood transfusions increase patient survival but increase 41 the risk of acquiring blood-borne viral infections, especially viral hepatitis. The SEN virus 42 (SENV) is associated with non-A-E hepatitis but its exact role in the pathogenesis of liver 43 disease remains unknown. This study investigated the frequency of SENV infections among 3 44 Iraqi patients with thalassemia, with and without hepatitis C infections. The study revealed that 45 the prevalence of SENV infections is significantly higher in patients with β-thalassemia, 46 regardless of their hepatitis C infection status, than in a healthy population of blood donors. The 47 two most common genotypes of the virus (D and H) have generally similar physiological impacts 48 as both increase the levels of markers of hepatic dysfunction in thalassemia patients. However, 49SENV-H infections were...

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Experience of hepatitis C virus seroprevalence and its genomic diversity among transfusion-dependent thalassemia patients in a transfusion center

Cited by 7 publications

References 15 publications

Prevalence of Transfusion Transmissible Infections in Beta-Thalassemia Major Patients in Pakistan: A Systemic Review

Prevalence of Transfusion Transmissible Infections in Beta-Thalassemia Major Patients in Pakistan: A Systemic Review

SEN virus genotype H distribution in β-thalassemic patients and in healthy donors in Iraq: Molecular and physiological study

SEN virus genotype H distribution in β-thalassemic patients and in healthy donors in Iraq: Molecular and physiological study

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