Experience From Wind Integration in Some High Penetration Areas

Söder, Lennart; Hofmann, Lutz; Orths, Antje; Holttinen, Hannele; Wan, Yih-huei; Tuohy, Aidan

doi:10.1109/tec.2006.889604

Cited by 152 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…The U.S. Department of Energy concluded that the U.S. can accommodate 20% electricity from wind generation by 2030 without the need for storage, assuming continued advances in transmission planning and grid operators [45]. Grid-connected wind turbines have already cover 24% of consumed electricity in West Denmark, and the maximum share of wind power is calculated to be 57% [46]. The ability of different energy systems and regulation strategies to integrate wind power has been presented in [47].…”

Section: Opportunity Costs Of Spatial Constraintsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Offshore wind energy potential in China: Under technical, spatial and economic constraints

Hong

Möller

2011

Energy

157

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This paper investigates available offshore wind energy resources in China's exclusive economic zone (EEZ) with the aid of a Geographical Information System (GIS), which allows the influence of technical, spatial and economic constraints on offshore wind resources being reflected in a continuous space. Geospatial supply curves and spatial distribution of levelised production cost (LPC) are developed, which provide information on the available potential of offshore wind energy at or below a given cost, and its corresponding geographical locations. The GIS-based models also reflect the impacts of each spatial constraint as well as various scenarios of spatial constraints on marginal production costs of offshore wind energy. Furthermore, the impacts of differing Feed-in-tariff (FIT) standards on the economic potential are calculated. It confirms that economic potential of offshore wind energy can contribute  Corresponding author. Tel: +45 99403658 Fax: +45 98153788 E-mail address: lixuan@plan.aau.dk 2 to 42%, 30% and 29% of the coastal regions' total electricity demands in 2010, 2020 and 2030. The shallow waters along the coasts of Fujian, Zhejiang, Shanghai, Jiangsu and northern Guangdong are identified as suitable areas for developing offshore wind energy in terms of wind resources and economic costs. However, the influence of tropical cyclone risks on these regions and detailed assessments at regional or local scale are worth of further discussions. Nevertheless, the models and results provide a foundation for a more comprehensive regional framework that would address additional infrastructure, planning and policy issues.

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Section: Opportunity Costs Of Spatial Constraintsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Offshore wind energy potential in China: Under technical, spatial and economic constraints

Hong

Möller

2011

Energy

157

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“…Successful integration of high shares of RE with energy systems in recent years has been achieved in both Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and non-OECD countries, including Brazil, China, Denmark, Spain, New Zealand and Iceland [43][44][45][46][47][48].…”

Section: Renewable Energy Integration Into Competitive Electricity Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transmission Network Enhancement with Renewable Energy

So¹,

Af²,

Mk³

2014

J Fundam Renewable Energy Appl

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Wind and solar energy play an important role in the de -carbonization of electricity generation. However, high shares of these Variable Renewable Energies (VREs) challenge the power system considerably due to their temporal fluctuations and geographical dispersion. This paper systematically reviews and analyzes transmission grid extensions as an integration measure for VREs. Effects of grid extensions for fundamental properties of the power system as a function of the penetration and mix of wind coupled with solar energy were revealed in the study. The paper also provides an overview of the system implication of wind and solar PV energy and investigates a way to partly overcome transmission grid extensions.

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“…High penetrations of instantaneous wind power have been witnessed in systems around the world, including: Denmark, Portugal and Ireland [3]. In February 2008, a large net load ramp event in the ERCOT in the USA, power system highlighted the potential threat that such ramp events pose to power system integrity [4].…”

Section: Experience With Variable Generationmentioning

confidence: 99%