Expedition to the missing link: Long noncoding RNAs in cardiovascular diseases

Yeh, Chih‐Fan; Chang, Yu‐Chen; Lu, Chengqiang; Hsuan, Chin-Feng; Chang, Wei‐Tien; Yang, Kai‐Chien

doi:10.1186/s12929-020-00647-w

Cited by 19 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 145 publications

(159 reference statements)

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“…As described earlier, several lncRNA/miRNA/mRNA axes have been proposed to mediate the oncogenic or tumor suppressor effects of lncRNAs. In addition to well-known roles and associations with prognosis and treatment response in various cancers, lncRNAs can provide clinical clues in several non-neoplastic diseases, such as neurodegenerative disease ( 256 ) and cardiovascular disease ( 257 , 258 ). The disrupted pattern of lncRNAs in a wide spectrum of cancers raises the question of whether the roles and associations identified in a particular type of malignancy can be expanded to the other cancer types.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long Non-Coding RNAs in Diagnosis, Treatment, Prognosis, and Progression of Glioma: A State-of-the-Art Review

Momtazmanesh

Rezaei

2021

Front. Oncol.

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Glioma is the most common malignant central nervous system tumor with significant mortality and morbidity. Despite considerable advances, the exact molecular pathways involved in tumor progression are not fully elucidated, and patients commonly face a poor prognosis. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have recently drawn extra attention for their potential roles in different types of cancer as well as non-malignant diseases. More than 200 lncRNAs have been reported to be associated with glioma. We aimed to assess the roles of the most investigated lncRNAs in different stages of tumor progression and the mediating molecular pathways in addition to their clinical applications. lncRNAs are involved in different stages of tumor formation, invasion, and progression, including regulating the cell cycle, apoptosis, autophagy, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, tumor stemness, angiogenesis, the integrity of the blood-tumor-brain barrier, tumor metabolism, and immunological responses. The well-known oncogenic lncRNAs, which are upregulated in glioma, are H19, HOTAIR, PVT1, UCA1, XIST, CRNDE, FOXD2-AS1, ANRIL, HOXA11-AS, TP73-AS1, and DANCR. On the other hand, MEG3, GAS5, CCASC2, and TUSC7 are tumor suppressor lncRNAs, which are downregulated. While most studies reported oncogenic effects for MALAT1, TUG1, and NEAT1, there are some controversies regarding these lncRNAs. Expression levels of lncRNAs can be associated with tumor grade, survival, treatment response (chemotherapy drugs or radiotherapy), and overall prognosis. Moreover, circulatory levels of lncRNAs, such as MALAT1, H19, HOTAIR, NEAT1, TUG1, GAS5, LINK-A, and TUSC7, can provide non-invasive diagnostic and prognostic tools. Modulation of expression of lncRNAs using antisense oligonucleotides can lead to novel therapeutics. Notably, a profound understanding of the underlying molecular pathways involved in the function of lncRNAs is required to develop novel therapeutic targets. More investigations with large sample sizes and increased focus on in-vivo models are required to expand our understanding of the potential roles and application of lncRNAs in glioma.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long Non-Coding RNAs in Diagnosis, Treatment, Prognosis, and Progression of Glioma: A State-of-the-Art Review

Momtazmanesh

Rezaei

2021

Front. Oncol.

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“…Epigenetics through RNA biology might play a crucial role in elucidating new targetable pathways, and in this context lncRNAs are emerging as interesting new candidate targets and players. Indeed, obesity‐associated lncRNAs play a crucial role in adipose tissue modulation, but their action is not limited to this, as they have been implicated in modulating obesogenic co‐morbidities influencing the cardiovascular system, the immune system, the liver, and even the musculoskeletal system 73,246,265 . Moreover, the number of co‐morbidities associated with obesity is extremely significant and includes also diseases which do not strictly correlate with disruption in metabolic pathways.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Given the strong implications of lncRNAs in adipogenesis and adipocytes differentiation, it was a natural evolution to study the role of these molecular modulators in obesity and in the related most common complications 73–75 . The obesity‐associated diseases are numerous, 1–3 and the initiating events start early in childhood 76 .…”

Section: Lncrnas In Obesity‐associated Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) include myocardial infarction, CHD, cardiac hypertrophy, heart failure, AF, and atherosclerotic thrombosis 73,78–80 . Childhood and adolescent obesities play a crucial role in developing CVD risk factors and are linked to higher risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in adulthood 81 .…”

Section: Lncrnas In Obesity‐associated Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Role of long non‐coding RNAs in adipogenesis: State of the art and implications in obesity and obesity‐associated diseases

et al. 2021

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Summary Obesity is an evolutionary, chronic, and relapsing disease that consists of a pathological accumulation of adipose tissue able to increase morbidity for high blood pressure, type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and obstructive sleep apnea in adults, children, and adolescents. Despite intense research over the last 20 years, obesity remains today a disease with a complex and multifactorial etiology. Recently, long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are emerging as interesting new regulators as different lncRNAs have been found to play a role in early and late phases of adipogenesis and to be implicated in obesity‐associated complications onset. In this review, we discuss the most recent advances on the role of lncRNAs in adipocyte biology and in obesity‐associated complications. Indeed, more and more researchers are focusing on investigating the underlying roles that these molecular modulators could play. Even if a significant number of evidence is correlation‐based, with lncRNAs being differentially expressed in a specific disease, recent works are now focused on deeply analyzing how lncRNAs can effectively modulate the disease pathogenesis onset and progression. LncRNAs possibly represent new molecular markers useful in the future for both the early diagnosis and a prompt clinical management of patients with obesity.

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“…The majority of lncRNAs that have been identified and characterized have been in diseases. This include cancers (Jin et al, 2020;Teppan et al, 2020;Zhou et al, 2020;Katsushima et al, 2021), diabetes (Taheri et al, 2020;Xu E. et al, 2020;Ismail et al, 2021), cardiovascular diseases (Fang et al, 2020;Meng et al, 2020;Yeh et al, 2020) and ischemic stroke (Gan et al, 2021;Wolska et al, 2021). In this section, we will focus on angiogenic lncRNAs enriched in disease and their epigenetic functions.…”

Section: Angiogenic Lncrnas In Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Epigenetic Regulation of the Vascular Endothelium by Angiogenic LncRNAs

2021

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The functional properties of the vascular endothelium are diverse and heterogeneous between vascular beds. This is especially evident when new blood vessels develop from a pre-existing closed cardiovascular system, a process termed angiogenesis. Endothelial cells are key drivers of angiogenesis as they undergo a highly choreographed cascade of events that has both exogenous (e.g., hypoxia and VEGF) and endogenous regulatory inputs. Not surprisingly, angiogenesis is critical in health and disease. Diverse therapeutics target proteins involved in coordinating angiogenesis with varying degrees of efficacy. It is of great interest that recent work on non-coding RNAs, especially long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), indicates that they are also important regulators of the gene expression paradigms that underpin this cellular cascade. The protean effects of lncRNAs are dependent, in part, on their subcellular localization. For instance, lncRNAs enriched in the nucleus can act as epigenetic modifiers of gene expression in the vascular endothelium. Of great interest to genetic disease, they are undergoing rapid evolution and show extensive inter- and intra-species heterogeneity. In this review, we describe endothelial-enriched lncRNAs that have robust effects in angiogenesis.

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Expedition to the missing link: Long noncoding RNAs in cardiovascular diseases

Cited by 19 publications

References 145 publications

Long Non-Coding RNAs in Diagnosis, Treatment, Prognosis, and Progression of Glioma: A State-of-the-Art Review

Long Non-Coding RNAs in Diagnosis, Treatment, Prognosis, and Progression of Glioma: A State-of-the-Art Review

Role of long non‐coding RNAs in adipogenesis: State of the art and implications in obesity and obesity‐associated diseases

Epigenetic Regulation of the Vascular Endothelium by Angiogenic LncRNAs

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