Expedition 371 summary

Sutherland, Rupert; Dickens, Gerald R.; Blum, Peter; Agnini, Claudia; Alegret, Laia; Asatryan, G.; Bhattacharya, Joyeeta; Bordenave, A.; Chang, Liao; Collot, Julien; Cramwinckel, Margot J.; Dallanave, Edoardo; Drake, M. K.; Étienne, Samuel; Giorgioni, M.; Gurnis, Michael; Harper, D. T.; Huang, H. H. M.; Keller, A.L.; Lam, Adriane R.; Li, H.; Matsui, Hiroki; Morgans, Hugh E. G.; Newsam, Cherry; Park, Y. H.; Pascher, K.M.; Pekar, Stephen F.; Penman, Donald E.; Saito, Saneatsu; Stratford, W.; Westerhold, Thomas; Zhou, Xiwen

doi:10.14379/iodp.proc.371.101.2019

Cited by 13 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 160 publications

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“…Paleomagnetic Directions and Anisotropy of Magnetic Susceptibility Dallanave et al (2020) recently published paleomagnetic data from carbonate rocks exposed in the Koumac region of northern New Caledonia. New Caledonia is the emergent part of the northernmost Norfolk Ridge, which is in turn part of a large continental mass that is submerged for more than 90%, referred to as Zealandia (Mortimer et al, 2017;Sutherland et al, 2019). The sampled section (Sommet-Khian, 260 stratigraphic meters) consists of a massive basal pelagic micrite (0-83 m) overlain upsection by terrigenous-rich calciturbidites (83-260 m).…”

Section: The New Caledonia Casementioning

confidence: 99%

Testing the Reliability of Sedimentary Paleomagnetic Datasets for Paleogeographic Reconstructions

Dallanave

Kirscher

2020

Front. Earth Sci.

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Paleogeographic reconstructions largely rely on paleomagnetic data, mostly in the form of paleomagnetic poles. Compilations of poles are used to determine so called apparent polar wander paths (APWPs), which capture the motion through time of a particular location with respect to an absolute reference frame such as the Earth’s spin axis. Paleomagnetic datasets from sedimentary rocks are particularly relevant, because of their spatial distribution and temporal continuity. Several criteria have been proposed through the years to assess the reliability of paleomagnetic datasets. Among these, the latitudinal-dependent elongation of a given paleomagnetic directions distribution, predicted by a widely accepted paleosecular variations model, has been applied so far only to investigate inclination flattening commonly observed in sedimentary rocks. We show in this work that this concept can be generalized to detect “contamination” of paleomagnetic data derived from tectonic strain, which is not always detected by field observation only. After generating different sets of simulated geomagnetic directions at different latitudes, we monitored the variations in the shape of the distributions after applying deformation tensors that replicate the effect of increasing tectonic strain. We show that, in most cases, the “deformation” of the dataset can be detected by elongation vs. inclination ratios not conforming to the values predicted by the paleosecular variations model. Recently acquired paleomagnetic directions and anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS; a parameter very sensitive to tectonic strain) data from New Caledonia verifies the results of these simulations and highlights the importance of measuring AMS when using sedimentary paleomagnetic data for paleogeographic reconstruction. We suggest to include always AMS measurement and analysis of the distribution shape to assess sedimentary paleomagnetic data used for paleogeographic reconstructions.

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Section: The New Caledonia Casementioning

confidence: 99%

Testing the Reliability of Sedimentary Paleomagnetic Datasets for Paleogeographic Reconstructions

Dallanave

Kirscher

2020

Front. Earth Sci.

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“…The exact cause of the LMBB is poorly understood, however key hypotheses suggest the increased primary productivity was caused by 1) increased nutrient input into the surface ocean through increased weathering/dust input and/or 2) changes to the global distribution of nutrients through changes in atmospheric and oceanic circulation patterns. The widespread documentation of the LMBB shows that the expression and timing is regionally variable (Liao and Lyle, 2014;Lyle et al, 2019;Sutherland et al, 2019). However, most of these records are low-resolution and insufficient for accurately constraining regional differences, which means we cannot yet distinguish between global changes to the nutrient budget and changes to the regional distribution of nutrients in the ocean (e.g., changes in ocean circulation and/or upwelling).…”

Section: Late Miocene-early Pliocene Biogenic Bloommentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate, cryosphere and carbon cycle controls on Southeast Atlantic orbital-scale carbonate deposition since the Oligocene (30–0 Ma)

Drury¹,

Liebrand²,

Westerhold³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Abstract. The evolution of the Cenozoic Icehouse over the past 30 million years (Myr) from a unipolar to a bipolar world is broadly known; however, the exact development of orbital-scale climate variability is less well understood. Highly resolved records of carbonate (CaCO3) content provide insight into the evolution of regional and global climate, cryosphere and carbon cycle dynamics. Here, we generate the first Southeast Atlantic CaCO3 content record spanning the last 30 Myr, derived from X-ray fluorescence (XRF) ln(Ca/Fe) data collected at Ocean Drilling Program Site 1264 (Angola Basin side of the Walvis Ridge, SE Atlantic Ocean). We present a comprehensive and continuous depth and age model for the entirety of Site 1264 (~316 m; 30 Myr), which constitutes a key reference framework for future palaeoclimatic and palaeoceanographic studies at this site. We identify three phases with distinctly different orbital controls on Southeast Atlantic CaCO3 deposition, corresponding to major developments in climate, the cryosphere and/or the carbon cycle: 1) strong ~110 kyr eccentricity pacing prevails during Oligo-Miocene global warmth (~30–13 Ma); 2) increased eccentricity-modulated precession pacing appears after the mid Miocene Climate Transition (mMCT) (~14–8 Ma); 3) strong obliquity pacing appears in the late Miocene (~7.7–3.3 Ma) following the increasing influence of high-latitude processes. The lowest CaCO3 content (92–94 %) occur between 18.5–14.5 Ma, potentially reflecting dissolution caused by widespread early Miocene warmth and preceding Antarctic deglaciation across the Miocene Climate Optimum (~17–14.5 Ma) by 1.5 Myr. The emergence of precession-pacing of CaCO3 deposition at Site 1264 after ~14 Ma could signal a reorganisation of surface and/or deep-water circulation in this region following Antarctic reglaciation at the mMCT. The increased sensitivity to precession at Site 1264 is associated with an increase in mass accumulation rates (MARs) and reflects increased regional CaCO3 productivity and/or an influx of cooler, less corrosive deep-waters. The highest %CaCO3 and MARs indicate the late Miocene Biogenic Bloom (LMBB) occurs between ~7.8–3.3 Ma at Site 1264, which is broadly, but not exactly, contemporaneous with the LMBB in the equatorial Pacific Ocean. The global expression of the LMBB may reflect an increased nutrient input into the global ocean resulting from enhanced aeolian dust and/or glacial/chemical weathering fluxes. Regional variability in the timing and amplitude of the LMBB may be driven by regional differences in cooling, continental aridification and/or changes in ocean circulation in the late Miocene.

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“…In Reinga Basin, contraction and uplift is documented, but timing is poorly constrained to after 53-48 Ma and before 36 -34 Ma (Sutherland et al, 2017, Bache et al, 2012b. Recent drilling near Cape Reinga (IODP U1508) identifies onset of folding at 39 Ma (Sutherland, 2019). The Taranaki Fault System initiated as reverse fault along ~400 km of strike, west of Auckland to west of Wanganui, in the Bortonian (43 -40 Ma), and is considered to be an antithetic fault to the initiating Tonga-Kermadec subduction zone (Stagpoole and Nicol, 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Drilling of Romeny-1 confirmed two packages of source rock are present in Aotea Basin. A third potential source rock has been intersected in borehole U1509 (Sutherland, 2019).…”

Section: Source Rockmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In New Zealand, there is limited evidence for this reorganisation. Rifting of Emerald Basin south of New Zealand initiated at ~45 Ma (Sutherland, 1995), and contraction and uplift in Reinga Basin started at ~39 Ma (Bache et al, 2012b, Sutherland, 2019. During initiation of the Australia-Pacific plate boundary, the pole of rotation for the Australia-Pacific plate boundary was located near North Island, explaining the low tectonic rate and spatial transition from rifting to convergence (King, 2000b, Sutherland, 1995.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Stratigraphic and tectonic framework of Late Cretaceous and Paleogene strata of southern Aotea Basin, northwest New Zealand

Skinner¹

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<p>Seismic reflection data reveal thick sediment sequences of Late Cretaceous to Paleogene age in the region northwest of Taranaki Basin. A new stratigraphic framework for latest Cretaceous and Paleogene strata is created based on stacking patterns and stratal termination relationships of seismic reflectors. Sequence-bounding reflectors are tied to petroleum exploration wells, including recently-drilled Romney-1, to assign age and paleoenvironment interpretation. I identify the following sequences: (1) a late Haumurian to Teurian (68 – 56 Ma) aggradational shelf sequence, with at least two regressional events linked to eustatic sea-level falls; (2) a diachronous deepening of the basin that progressed from north to south during the late Waipawan to Heretaungan (53 – 46 Ma); (3) small-scale volcanism at the southern boundary with Taranaki Basin is contemporaneous with this deepening; (4) a prograding delta on Challenger Plateau during the Porangan to Runangan (46 – 35 Ma) that is evidence for tectonic uplift of the basin margins; and (5) an onlapping sequence from latest Runangan to present (35 – 0 Ma) that indicates Challenger Plateau subsided 1,300 m. A revised set of paleogeography maps and generalised stratigraphic chart summarise these observations. The Eocene phase (52-46 Ma) of tectonic subsidence and diffuse volcanism is one of the earliest signs of tectonic activity associated with development of the Cenozoic plate boundary through New Zealand. Petroleum system analysis reveals that southern Aotea Basin is prospective for petroleum exploration, with 3 plays identified in the Late Haumurian to Teurian (79 – 56 Ma) strata, in spite of Romney-1 proving unsuccessful.</p>

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Expedition 371 summary

Abstract: Introduction 4 Scientific background 7 Scientific objectives 7 Drilling strategy 8 Site summaries 19 Summary of scientific results 27 References

Cited by 13 publications

References 160 publications

Testing the Reliability of Sedimentary Paleomagnetic Datasets for Paleogeographic Reconstructions

Testing the Reliability of Sedimentary Paleomagnetic Datasets for Paleogeographic Reconstructions

Climate, cryosphere and carbon cycle controls on Southeast Atlantic orbital-scale carbonate deposition since the Oligocene (30–0 Ma)

Stratigraphic and tectonic framework of Late Cretaceous and Paleogene strata of southern Aotea Basin, northwest New Zealand

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