Expectations vs reality: Responding to online fraud across the fraud justice network

Cross, Cassandra

doi:10.1016/j.ijlcj.2018.08.001

Cited by 36 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…For many, their experiences in seeking to report their fraud incurred additional trauma or exacerbated existing harm they had suffered (Cross, 2018; Cross et al, 2016). The complexity of how territoriality manifested itself with regards to each victim seeking to lodge a complaint regarding their fraud victimization was almost entirely negative.…”

Section: The Implications Of Jurisdictional Issues On Victims Of Onlimentioning

confidence: 99%

‘Oh we can’t actually do anything about that’: The problematic nature of jurisdiction for online fraud victims

Cross

2019

Criminology & Criminal Justice

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One of the most pressing challenges with policing online fraud relates to jurisdiction. Policing is traditionally based on territoriality, but the internet has changed this. Offenders in one country can target a victim in a second country, who is requested to send money to a third or fourth country. This article examines online fraud victims’ reporting to police. Specifically, it demonstrates the misconceptions that exist regarding jurisdiction, namely the relationship between the Australian Federal Police and state/territory police. A clear disconnect emerges between understandings and expectations of who can investigate what relating to online fraud. The Australian Cybercrime Online Reporting Network’s establishment in 2014 is a positive step but this has not fixed the issue entirely. Overall, the article argues that the jurisdictional challenges experienced by police are not understood by victims, and improvement is needed regarding awareness of victims and police alike, to reduce unnecessary, additional trauma to victims.

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Section: The Implications Of Jurisdictional Issues On Victims Of Onlimentioning

confidence: 99%

‘Oh we can’t actually do anything about that’: The problematic nature of jurisdiction for online fraud victims

Cross

2019

Criminology & Criminal Justice

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“…a non-existent child who requires expensive medical treatment). 6. Financial gain through merchant and customer-based exploitation.…”

Section: Defining Internet Fraudmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5 Instead, brief mention will be made of some of the more common types of online fraud. Arguably the most common 6 are commerce frauds, confidence frauds, advance fee frauds and overpayment.…”

Section: Common Formsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tackling online fraud

Gillespíe

Magor

2019

ERA Forum

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Online fraud continues to be one of the most challenging forms of cybercrime. It is an extremely varied species of crime, with multiple examples and definitions. The prevalence of online fraud is so vast that law enforcement and financial bodies can quickly become swamped. The EU recognises the threat that online fraud poses to the Union and has passed a new Directive that seeks to tackle online fraud. However, the Directive misses many forms of online fraud, potentially leaving citizens of Europe vulnerable to online fraud.

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“…Europol indexes around 20 such websites for European countries, allowing citizens to report their cases and enriching the available data. 1 Such a service, however, reveals many limitations and generates unrealistic expectations (Cross 2018). These platforms are, furthermore, generally not operated by the police, resulting in the increased fragmentation of relevant data.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Orienting the Development of Crime Analysis Processes in Police Organisations Covering the Digital Transformations of Fraud Mechanisms

Rossy

Ribaux

2020

Eur J Crim Policy Res

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A significant, and likely dominant, proportion of fraud is now conducted online. Police struggle to integrate this emerging reality into their processes, while expectations of this institution are high. These types of cybercrimes alter the volume and complexity of problems compared to how they previously manifested and require profound transformations of crime analysis methods to address them proactively. These developments face many difficulties, such as the quality of accessible data, the lack of existing analytical models and the need to increase police knowledge of fraud mechanisms within every level of organisations. We suggest methods to overcome these obstacles, which consist of implementing an approach integrating theories from various fields in criminology and forensic intelligence to examine the digital transformations of certain criminal processes. We take, as an example, how a generic script expressing the anatomy of an existing type of fraud can be used to interpret their new digital forms. This modelling activity both provides new insight into specific frauds and highlights relevant dimensions that are useful in orienting the development of crime analysis systems.

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Expectations vs reality: Responding to online fraud across the fraud justice network

Cited by 36 publications

References 20 publications

‘Oh we can’t actually do anything about that’: The problematic nature of jurisdiction for online fraud victims

‘Oh we can’t actually do anything about that’: The problematic nature of jurisdiction for online fraud victims

Tackling online fraud

Orienting the Development of Crime Analysis Processes in Police Organisations Covering the Digital Transformations of Fraud Mechanisms

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