Expansion potential of skin grafts with alternating slit based auxetic incisions

Gupta, Vivek; Chanda, Arnab

doi:10.1016/j.finmec.2022.100092

Cited by 26 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 12 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The unit cell (lattice structures) shown in figure 1(a) is an extension of a 2D unit cell based on the previous studies [46,54,55]. In literature, Grima et al [36] developed the unit cell of an auxetic perforated system based on perpendicularly arranged alternating slits which mimics the behaviour of rotating square system.…”

Section: As-shaped Synthetic Auxetic Skin Graft Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The AS-shaped auxetics were chosen as they have been shown to produce negative Poisson's ratios, which is an essential property for skin grafts to exhibit. A thorough review of the relevant literature [46,54,55] was conducted to select the appropriate auxetic models. Nine different designed with varying lengths (L1 and L2), spacing (S), and thickness (T).…”

Section: As-shaped Synthetic Auxetic Skin Graft Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Also, it can be used for the development of high expansion skin grafts [23]. Particularly, alternating slit (AS) shaped auxetic structures have demonstrated a high capacity for generating areal enlargements [46]. Grima et al [36] conducted an experimental study with rubber, a polymer of isoprene with random cuts, and studied their deformation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They observed that at microstructural level and low strain, effective Poisson's ratio values were same. In a recent study by Gupta et al [46], the mechanical properties of alternating slit structures applied to skin were studied computationally. The variations in the ratio of slit lengths and spacings were observed to lead to significant changes in the effective Poisson's ratios.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Auxetic incisions with alternating slit shapes: a promising technique for enhancing synthetic skin grafts expansion

Gupta

Chanda

2023

Mater. Res. Express

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Split thickness skin grafts are widely used in treating burn injuries. To date, with limited availability of donor skin and minimal expansions offered by conventional skin grafting, it is challenging to cover large and severe burns. In this study, novel synthetic skin grafts with alternating slit (AS) shaped cut patterns were developed and tested to evaluate the expansion potentials offered by auxetic or negative Poisson’s ratio structures in skin grafting. A range of auxetic incision patterns were designed with varying unit cell dimensions, and these were projected onto skin using 3D printing. The mechanical properties and digital image correlation of the created synthetic skin grafts were used to determine stress, effective Poisson's ratio, meshing ratio (MR), and generated strains for strain loadings of up to 150%. The AS graft simulant with equal slit lengths and low slit spacings exhibited the maximum negative Poisson’s effect, expansion, and MR. Expansions were inversely related with the spacing between slits. The lowest value for the MR and highest stress was observed with high spacing, high horizontal slit length, and low vertical slit length. The expansions were highly sensitive to the applied strain, with low strains exhibiting high auxeticity. Such an extensive experimental investigation of the expansion potentials and stress estimations of skin grafts with varying AS dimensional parameters have not been conducted previously. The findings would be crucial for advancing research on mitigation of large burn injuries using high expansion skin grafts.

show abstract

Section: As-shaped Synthetic Auxetic Skin Graft Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: As-shaped Synthetic Auxetic Skin Graft Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Auxetic incisions with alternating slit shapes: a promising technique for enhancing synthetic skin grafts expansion

Gupta

Chanda

2023

Mater. Res. Express

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The middle layer is the dermis, and the average thickness of this layer is 1 to 4 mm. This layer is connected with blood vessels, nerves, hair follicles, etc and it is responsible for the strength of the skin tissue [8,9]. The hypodermis (bottom) layer has many functions, including storing energy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of novel hierarchical designs for skin graft simulants with high expansion potential

Gupta¹,

Singh²,

Chanda³

2023

Biomed. Phys. Eng. Express

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Skin graft designs play an essential role in healing severe burn injuries. Split-thickness skin grafting (STSG) is one of the commonly used techniques for treating large burn injuries. In STSG, parallel cuts are projected onto a small portion of excised healthy skin for expansion and covering a larger burn area. To date, expansions reported for STSG are very low and insufficient to cover large burn areas. In this work, novel traditional and auxetic hierarchical cuts were designed on skin graft simulants, which were mechanically tested to study their expansion potential. Additive manufacturing and a two-part polymeric material were employed to fabricate the skin graft simulants. The nonlinear mechanical behavior of the hierarchical skin graft simulants was characterized using hyperelastic models. The effective Poisson's ratio, meshing ratios, and induced stresses in first and second-order hierarchical cut patterns were estimated across all skin graft simulants for up to 300% strain. Also, Statistical analysis was performed to calculate the significance among the groups. From the analysis, the skin graft simulants with second-order auxetic incision patterns were found to exhibit the lowest induced stresses and maximum expansion of approximately four times, at 300% strain. To date, traditional skin grafts have only been able to achieve up to three times expansion. Therefore, the expansions realized with the novel hierarchical skin graft simulants is unprecedented, with the potential to generate ground-breaking advances in burn injury treatment.

show abstract

Topology Optimization of Auxetic Hyperelastic Biomaterials for Enhanced Tailored Properties and Ultra‐High Expansion

Chattrairat,

Kandare,

Aimmanee

et al. 2024

Advcd Theory and Sims

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Topology optimization using finite element analysis offers a promising approach for designing new biomaterials with mechanical properties similar to human skin and superior auxetic properties compared to conventional materials. This innovative technique addresses the challenges associated with trial‐and‐error‐based material design and experimental iterations. In this study, finite element‐based topology optimization is employed to achieve optimized material structural patterns that maximize the lateral expansion of previously established auxetic designs and replicate specific directional properties observed in human skin. The topology‐optimized models, including slit, I‐shape, anisotropic I‐shape, triangular pattern, and re‐entrant shapes, demonstrate material structures with lower maximum stress, reducing the likelihood of material rupture failure and enhancing lateral expansion by more than 50% compared to the initial patterns. These novel designs and their unique behaviors are verified using the theoretical model of hyperelastic auxetic materials. This study represents the first analysis of topology optimization applied to soft hyperelastic biomaterials, focusing on both maximizing auxetic properties and replicating auxetic properties of human skin. The auxetic designs and topology optimization technique developed in this research hold potential for integration into biomedical and personal protective applications.

show abstract

Expansion potential of skin grafts with alternating slit based auxetic incisions

Cited by 26 publications

References 12 publications

Auxetic incisions with alternating slit shapes: a promising technique for enhancing synthetic skin grafts expansion

Auxetic incisions with alternating slit shapes: a promising technique for enhancing synthetic skin grafts expansion

Development of novel hierarchical designs for skin graft simulants with high expansion potential

Topology Optimization of Auxetic Hyperelastic Biomaterials for Enhanced Tailored Properties and Ultra‐High Expansion

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About