Expansion of Serotype Coverage in the Universal Pediatric Vaccination Calendar: Short-Term Effects on Age- and Serotype-Dependent Incidence of Invasive Pneumococcal Clinical Presentations in Madrid, Spain

Picazo, Juan J.; Ruiz–Contreras, Jesús; Casado‐Flores, Juan; Negreira, Sagrario; García-de-Miguel, Maria-Jesus; Hernández-Sampelayo, Teresa; Otheo, Enrique; Méndez, Cristina

doi:10.1128/cvi.00239-13

Cited by 49 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 25 publications

(29 reference statements)

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“…For example, the proportions of cases of CPP or PnEmp in hospitalized children with IPD in Spain increased from 6.9 % in 1997–2001 [12] to 65.4 % during 2007–2009 [10, 18, 41, 44–46, 49]. Among hospitalized children with CAP in Utah (USA), the proportion of cases of complicated pneumonia and empyema increased from 13 % in 1994 to 41 % in 1997 [30].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Pneumococcal empyema and complicated pneumonias: global trends in incidence, prevalence, and serotype epidemiology

Fletcher

Schmitt

Syrochkina³

et al. 2014

Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis

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This review evaluates the serotype epidemiology of complicated pneumococcal pneumonia (CPP) during the period 1990–2012. PubMed and EMBASE were searched using the terms “empyema”, “complicated pneumonia”, “pleural infection”, “necrotizing pneumonia”, “pleural effusion”, “parapneumonic effusion”, “pneumatocele”, or “lung abscess”; “pneumococcal” or “Streptococcus pneumoniae”; and “serotype” for studies on the epidemiology of complicated pneumonias published from January 1, 1990 to October 1, 2013. Studies with data on incidence and serotypes were included; reviews, case reports, and conference abstracts were excluded. Of 152 papers, 84 fitted the inclusion criteria. A few pneumococcal serotypes were predominant causes of CPP, particularly serotypes 1, 19A, 3, 14, and 7F. CPP was a more common manifestation of pneumococcal disease among older (>2 years old) than younger children. The data support increases in both reported incidence rates and proportions of CPP in children and adults during the period 1990–2012; specific increases varied by geographic region. The proportions of serotype 3 and, particularly in Asia, serotype 19A CPP have increased, whereas most studies show declines in serotype 14. Serotype 1 has been a predominant cause of CPP since 1990, while antibiotic resistance was infrequent among serotype 1 isolates. The reported incidence and proportions of CPP among pneumonia cases steadily increased from 1990 to 2012. Several factors might account for these increases, including enhanced disease detection due to a higher index of suspicion, more sophisticated diagnostic assays, and changes in the prevalence of serotypes with capacity to invade the pleural space that were not targeted by the 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7).

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Globally, serotypes 1 and 19A exhibited strong associations with pneumococcal PE [15, 52, 66, 69], PnEmp [10, 31, 43, 46, 49, 54, 57, 58, 60, 68, 72, 81, 83, 88, 90, 93, 101], or both [32, 39, 44]. …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pneumococcal empyema and complicated pneumonias: global trends in incidence, prevalence, and serotype epidemiology

Fletcher

Schmitt

Syrochkina³

et al. 2014

Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis

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“…In the Madrid region of Spain, IPD cases have been monitored since the introduction of PCV7 in the national immunization program through to the introduction of PCV13 in the HERACLES surveillance study. 79 Among the cases of IPD (caused by PCV13 15 A number of barriers to adherence have been identified including low awareness levels of the benefits of PCV vaccination amongst parents and healthcare professionals, as well as missed appointments resulting in delays in the administration of the booster vaccine. 69,77,80 Education of parents and healthcare professionals has been identified as a key strategy by which to improve coverage and schedule adherence with PCVs.…”

Section: Importance Of Vaccine Uptake and Schedule Adherencementioning

confidence: 99%

Evolving Role of 13-valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine in Clinical Practice

Azzari¹,

Martinón-Torres²,

Schmitt

et al. 2014

Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal

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Since the introduction of 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7), PCVs with extended coverage have become available, and there is emerging global evidence that these vaccines, in particular PCV13, have further reduced rates of invasive pneumococcal disease compared with PCV7. The present article aims to address emerging topics related to PCV13 use in routine clinical practice; specifically: (1) the potential role of high-valent PCVs in reducing pneumococcal disease burden; (2) the impact of PCVs on nasopharyngeal carriage and how this may contribute to reductions in otitis media and pneumonia, as well as the prevalence of resistant pneumococcal strains; (3) new PCV13 indications and (4) importance of schedule adherence for PCV in the prevention of cases of vaccine serotype-specific invasive pneumococcal disease. The beneficial effects of PCVs in protecting individuals from a wide spectrum of pneumococcal diseases can be increased by improving the vaccine coverage and adhering to the recommended vaccination schedules. There is increasing evidence that PCV13 has reduced much of the post-PCV7 burden of pneumococcal diseases in the pediatric community, including reducing pneumococcal colonization and the incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease and mucosal diseases. This has also led to a reduction in antibiotic-resistant pneumococcal diseases. The role of PCV13 in clinical practice is evolving, with PCV13 now available for children and adolescents between the ages of 6 weeks and 17 years, thus ensuring that children in all age groups can be protected against vaccine-serotype pneumococcal diseases. Continued surveillance is warranted to monitor the impact of PCV13 on disease burden.

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“…[6,7] Published early data from Spain and France with detailed information on pneumococcal serotypes cover the 1st and/or the 2nd year after the implementation of PCV13. [12,13] In Greece, PCV7 became available in October 2004 and was incorporated into the national immunization program (NIP) in January 2006. Later, PCV10 was introduced to our country in May 2009 and PCV13 in June 2010.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pneumonia with empyema among children in the first five years of high coverage with 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine

Syrogiannopoulos

Michoula

Tsimitselis

et al. 2016

Infectious Diseases

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Expansion of Serotype Coverage in the Universal Pediatric Vaccination Calendar: Short-Term Effects on Age- and Serotype-Dependent Incidence of Invasive Pneumococcal Clinical Presentations in Madrid, Spain

Cited by 49 publications

References 25 publications

Pneumococcal empyema and complicated pneumonias: global trends in incidence, prevalence, and serotype epidemiology

Pneumococcal empyema and complicated pneumonias: global trends in incidence, prevalence, and serotype epidemiology

Evolving Role of 13-valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine in Clinical Practice

Pneumonia with empyema among children in the first five years of high coverage with 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine

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