Expansile pneumonia in children caused by <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i>: Clinical, radiological, and bronchoscopic appearances

Goussard, Pierre; Gie, Robert P.; Kling, Sharon; Beyers, Nulda

doi:10.1002/ppul.20119

Cited by 36 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 10 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The possible reasons for the high diagnostic yield were the extensive use of BAL, the application of transbronchial needle aspiration 18 and the use of both Mycobacterium tuberculosis cultures and lately the use of molecular diagnostic methods (Gene Xpert MTB-Rif (Xpert; Cepheid, CA, USA). The reported diagnostic yield is not higher than has previously reported in children with expansile pneumonia caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (88% ) 19 but considerably higher than other studies that used BAL samples for Mycobacterium tuberculosis culture only (44%) 15 .…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 44%

The indications and role of paediatric bronchoscopy in a developing country, with high prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis and HIV

Webster

Goussard

Gie

et al. 2017

Expert Review of Respiratory Medicine

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Bronchoscopy is an important investigation in the diagnosis and management of childhood respiratory diseases widely used in high income countries. There is limited information on value of paediatric bronchoscopy in low and middle income countries (LMIC). Aims and Objectives:Aim of this study was to describe the indications, findings and complications of paediatric bronchoscopy in a middle income country with a high prevalence of tuberculosis (TB) and HIV. Methodology:A retrospective analysis of a database which included all bronchoscopies on neonates and children over a 3.5 year period (January 2010 to June 2013) in a tertiary care children's hospital in South Africa. Results and Discussion:A total of 509 bronchoscopies, of which 502 (98%) were fibre-optic bronchoscopies, were performed on neonates (2.3%) and children (median age = 18 months; range 1 day-14.6 years)( (male=58%) of which 5.1% were HIV-infected. The main indications were: large airway compression 40% (n = 204) complicated pneumonia (25 %) and persistent stridor (15 %). Pathology was observed in 64% (n = 319) of bronchoscopes . The most common pathology seen was lymph node compression of the airways (21%), and upper airway pathology (12%). Interventional procedures were performed in 112 cases (22%), the commonest being removing foreign bodies removal (30%), endobronchial lymph node enucleation (30%) and transbronchial needle aspiration (20%). No major complications occurred during or following bronchoscopy. ConclusionThe diagnostic yield of paediatric bronchoscopy did not significantly differ from those reported from high income countries emphasising the importance of paediatric bronchoscopy in the management of childhood lung disease in LMICs.

show abstract

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 44%

The indications and role of paediatric bronchoscopy in a developing country, with high prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis and HIV

Webster

Goussard

Gie

et al. 2017

Expert Review of Respiratory Medicine

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, similar and even higher bacteriologic yields have been described in select patient groups, such as children with lymph node disease complicated by expansile tuberculous pneumonia [7] and infants who frequently develop rapidly progressive disease [8,9]. These studies support the observation that the bacteriologic yield is primarily influenced by the type of radiographic disease manifestation recorded.…”

mentioning

confidence: 71%

The Bacteriologic Yield in Children with Intrathoracic Tuberculosis

Marais

Hesseling

Gie

et al. 2006

Clinical Infectious Diseases

Self Cite

134

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This report documents the bacteriologic yield in children who received treatment for intrathoracic tuberculosis in an area where it is highly endemic. A total of 307 children were included in the study, and bacteriologic confirmation was achieved in 122 (62.2%) of 196 children from whom specimens were collected. The lowest bacteriologic yield was recorded for the 69 children with uncomplicated lymph node disease (24 [34.8%] had bacteriologic confirmation). The high overall bacteriologic yield indicates the need to reassess the value of bacteriology-based approaches to diagnosis of intrathoracic tuberculosis in children, particularly in areas of endemicity where they frequently present with advanced disease.

show abstract

“…Caseating pneumonia causes progressive parenchymal destruction; affected segments/lobes often become expansile (bulging against their anatomical boundaries), and areas of parenchymal breakdown (cavitation) may be visible on the CXR or high-resolution computed tomography scan ( Fig. 7) (Goussard et al, 2004). Anatomical structures that are rarely involved include: the phrenic nerve with unilateral diaphragmatic palsy, the esophagus with the formation of a broncho-or tracheo-esophageal fistula, and/or the thoracic duct with the formation of a unilateral chylothorax (Marais et al, 2004c).…”

Section: Lymph Node Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Childhood Intra-thoracic Tuberculosis

Marais

2008

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Tuberculosis (TB) has affected human kind for a very long time; archeological findings describe suggestive spinal changes in Neolithic man and conclusive evidence of tuberculous bone lesions have been found in mummified remains from Egypt, dating back to 3400 BC (Keers, 1978;Rubin, 1995). Hippocrates (460-377 BC) introduced the ancient Greek term for TB, phthisis, which became better known as consumption in the English world (Keers, 1978;Rubin, 1995). Although TB is an ancient disease it remains a major public health challenge. In fact, fuelled by poverty and rapid urbanization in developing countries, together with immune compromise resulting from human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and emerging drug resistance, TB affects and kills more people today than ever before. The gravity of the situation is demonstrated by the fact that the TB epidemic continues to escalate, especially in sub-Saharan Africa, despite the declaration of a global TB emergency by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 1993.TB is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis), which was first identified by Robert Koch (1843Koch ( -1910 in 1882. The diagnostic techniques pioneered by Koch have remained virtually unchanged since then; sputum smear microscopy remains the only diagnostic test available in most resource-limited settings. Interestingly, shortly after Robert Koch identified M. tuberculosis as the infectious agent that causes TB, it became apparent that infection with M. tuberculosis was far more common than actual TB disease. This form of latent TB infection is recognized by the presence of a positive tuberculin skin test (TST) in healthy asymptomatic individuals. A British Medical Research Council survey conducted in London in 1950 showed that 60-70% of individuals had a positive TST (were infected with M. tuberculosis) by 20 years of age (Bentley et al., 1954); an infection rate similar to those reported in TB-endemic areas today (Obihara

show abstract

Expansile pneumonia in children caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis: Clinical, radiological, and bronchoscopic appearances

Cited by 36 publications

References 10 publications

The indications and role of paediatric bronchoscopy in a developing country, with high prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis and HIV

The indications and role of paediatric bronchoscopy in a developing country, with high prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis and HIV

The Bacteriologic Yield in Children with Intrathoracic Tuberculosis

Childhood Intra-thoracic Tuberculosis

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About