Expanding Understanding of Response Roles: An Examination of Immediate and First Responders in the United States

Harris, Curtis; McCarthy, Kelli; Liu, E. Liang; Klein, Kelly R.; Swienton, Raymond E.; Prins, Parker; Waltz, Tawny

doi:10.3390/ijerph15030534

Cited by 22 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…These specially-trained responders work on the front lines of a disaster to mitigate immediate risks to human health and property, often at considerable risk to themselves. They are essential components of modern disaster response capacities, and these dedicated, trained, and certified first responders are crucial elements of community resilience (116). In addition to this immediate trauma support, there is a widely recognized need for better scientific and public health responses to disasters, to improve ability to detect and mitigate health threats such as pollution and disease, begin dealing with the psychological and other health threats that are of major concern after the urgent, life-threatening issues are addressed, and be a source of trusted information for the public (15, 117, 118).…”

Section: Recommendations To Increase Resiliency To Disasters By Reducmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing Disaster Resilience by Reducing Stress-Associated Health Impacts

Sandifer

Walker²

2018

Front. Public Health

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Disasters are a recurring fact of life, and major incidents can have both immediate and long-lasting negative effects on the health and well-being of people, communities, and economies. A primary goal of many disaster preparedness, response, and recovery plans is to reduce the likelihood and severity of disaster impacts through increased resilience of individuals and communities. Unfortunately, most plans do not address directly major drivers of long-term disaster impacts on humans—that is, acute, chronic, and cumulative stress—and therefore do less to enhance resilience than they could. Stress has been shown to lead to or exacerbate ailments ranging from mental illness, domestic violence, substance abuse, post-traumatic stress disorders, and suicide to cardiovascular disease, respiratory problems, and other infirmities. Individuals, groups, communities, organizations, and social ties are all vulnerable to stress. Based on a targeted review of what we considered to be key literature about disasters, resilience, and disaster-associated stress effects, we recommend eight actions to improve resiliency through inclusion of stress alleviation in disaster planning: (1) Improve existing disaster behavioral and physical health programs to better address, leverage, and coordinate resources for stress reduction, relief, and treatment in disaster planning and response. (2) Emphasize pre- and post-disaster collection of relevant biomarker and other health-related data to provide a baseline of health status against which disaster impacts could be assessed, and continued monitoring of these indicators to evaluate recovery. (3) Enhance capacity of science and public health early-responders. (4) Use natural infrastructure to minimize disaster damage. (5) Expand the geography of disaster response and relief to better incorporate the displacement of affected people. (6) Utilize nature-based treatment to alleviate pre- and post-disaster stress effects on health. (7) Review disaster laws, policies, and regulations to identify opportunities to strengthen public health preparedness and responses including for stress-related impacts, better engage affected communities, and enhance provision of health services. (8) With community participation, develop and institute equitable processes pre-disaster for dealing with damage assessments, litigation, payments, and housing.

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Section: Recommendations To Increase Resiliency To Disasters By Reducmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing Disaster Resilience by Reducing Stress-Associated Health Impacts

Sandifer

Walker²

2018

Front. Public Health

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“…Research shows various stages in emergency management (Bhagavathula et al, 2021) The first stage in emergency control includes mitigation. According to research, relief prevents potential emergencies or lessens their consequences (Harris et al, 2018). It involves practices that counteract a disaster, reduce the probability, or minimize the damaging outcomes of inevitable tragedy.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Leadership Impacts FEMA’s Whole Community Approach during Emergency Management’s Preparedness

Shawe¹,

McAndrew²

2023

JSS

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Disasters stipulate unfortunate remembrances of susceptibilities within society. Disasters often suddenly affect communities and result in the untimely loss of functions and social systems. Therefore, formulating preparedness policies and awareness of uncertainty is essential when addressing emergency management. The success of the emergency management approach within the community often relies on the leadership structure imposed. Leadership also helps to promote emergency management practices and provide new reserves to support emergency preparedness and funds for sustainability and resilience. This study concentrates on the whole community principle in handling disasters and emergencies. The whole community management strategy further maps preparedness-related capacities and community engagement in disaster control. Partnership with participants across the entire society program and efficient community management can result in significant disaster preparedness and response. The research will constitute a quantitative methodology, specifically, a survey on members of the Safeguard Iowa Partnership (SIP), an emergency management firm, on the organization's whole community emergency leadership strategy. The Whole Community leadership model in emergency management proved its effectiveness through the survey conducted in SIP. Data will also be collected using the Organizational Leadership Evaluation Survey (OLA) from all the SIP members from various economic sectors. The OLA has six features that help gauge the organization's leadership strength. The quantitative methodology suggested an association between the perceived essence of Whole Community management and the perceived efficiency of FEMA's role in the emergency management preparedness process.

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“…The expanding body of literature related to resilience adopts the view that the increasing need to respond to disasters cannot be addressed by emergency management agencies acting on their own (Bach et al 2010, Waugh & Streib 2006, Simo & Bies 2007, Kapucu & Garayev 2012. In recognising the value of, and the necessity for, locally organised efforts, there has been a focus on building the capacity of communities to self-organise (Simo & Bies 2007, Harris et al 2018, Bach et al 2010, Berkes & Ross 2013, Chen, Liu Y & Chan 2006. The data from interviews with participants from Brisbane City Council reflected this view and drew out concerns about the effect on council resources if an event with greater consequences than those of 2011 were to occur.…”

Section: Developing Resilience At the Local Levelmentioning

confidence: 99%

April 2021

2021

AJEM

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The Australian Journal of Emergency Management is Australia's premier journal in emergency management. Its format and content are developed with reference to peak emergency management organisations and the emergency management sectors-nationally and internationally. The journal focuses on both the academic and practitioner reader. Its aim is to strengthen capabilities in the sector by documenting, growing and disseminating an emergency management body of knowledge. The journal strongly supports the role of the Australian Institute for Disaster Resilience as a national centre of excellence for knowledge and skills development in the emergency management sector. Papers are published in all areas of emergency management. The journal encourages empirical reports but may include specialised theoretical, methodological, case study and review papers and opinion pieces. The views in the journal are not necessarily the views of the Australian Government, Australian Institute for Disaster Resilience or its partners.Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples are advised that this publication may contain images of deceased people.

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Expanding Understanding of Response Roles: An Examination of Immediate and First Responders in the United States

Cited by 22 publications

References 17 publications

Enhancing Disaster Resilience by Reducing Stress-Associated Health Impacts

Enhancing Disaster Resilience by Reducing Stress-Associated Health Impacts

How Leadership Impacts FEMA’s Whole Community Approach during Emergency Management’s Preparedness

April 2021

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