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China’s security concept is evolving, and its participation in Africa’s Arab countries’ peacekeeping is transforming itself from aloof bystander to active player, and from multilateralism to both multi- and unilateralism. The establishment of China’s logistics base in Djibouti does not signify a sudden change in China’s African foreign policy; instead, change has been gradual and tangible and began with the evolution of China’s participation in United Nations peacekeeping operations, and engagement in Africa’s infrastructure projects, in parallel with China’s increasing global presence. The base serves as a logistics and support facility for Chinese peacekeepers, as well as a naval facility to support anti-piracy missions off the coast of Somalia as part of an international anti-piracy operation. Moreover, the base helps China to ensure its maritime and commercial interests and safeguard Chinese nationals in West Asia and the African continent. However, the United States and the West are concerned with the geopolitical and geoeconomic implications of China’s logistics base in Djibouti. The geography of Djibouti has led to the rising of geopolitical rivalries between the great powers, which may intensify in the coming years.
China’s security concept is evolving, and its participation in Africa’s Arab countries’ peacekeeping is transforming itself from aloof bystander to active player, and from multilateralism to both multi- and unilateralism. The establishment of China’s logistics base in Djibouti does not signify a sudden change in China’s African foreign policy; instead, change has been gradual and tangible and began with the evolution of China’s participation in United Nations peacekeeping operations, and engagement in Africa’s infrastructure projects, in parallel with China’s increasing global presence. The base serves as a logistics and support facility for Chinese peacekeepers, as well as a naval facility to support anti-piracy missions off the coast of Somalia as part of an international anti-piracy operation. Moreover, the base helps China to ensure its maritime and commercial interests and safeguard Chinese nationals in West Asia and the African continent. However, the United States and the West are concerned with the geopolitical and geoeconomic implications of China’s logistics base in Djibouti. The geography of Djibouti has led to the rising of geopolitical rivalries between the great powers, which may intensify in the coming years.
Este artículo analiza el posicionamiento de Ecuador frente Washington y Beijing durante la presidencia de Lenin Moreno (2017-2021), mediante el concepto de la estrategia de cobertura (hedging). Se hace una investigación cualitativa, que se concentra en el caso de la crisis de las islas Galápagos. Se recurre a los conceptos de periferia turbulenta y periferia penetrada, para comprender la posición geoestratégica de Ecuador, debido a su zona marítima en el Pacífico. Se analiza cómo hubo un posicionamiento ambiguo de Quito en el periodo estudiado, dadas sus relaciones estratégicas en seguridad con Washington y sus relaciones económicas con Beijing. En medio de la rivalidad creciente entre Estados Unidos y China, Ecuador evitó un alineamiento claro con alguna de las dos potencias, y así obtuvo concesiones, beneficios y cooperación de ambos países.
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