Expanding the Scope of Alkynes in C–H Activation: Weak Chelation-Assisted Cobalt-Catalyzed Synthesis of Indole C(4)-Acrylophenone via C–O Bond Cleavage of Propargylic Ethers

Abstract

Herein, we report the facile synthesis of indole C(4)-acrylophenone using a C−H bond activation strategy. For this conversion, an unsymmetrical alkyne (phenylethynyl ether) in the presence of cobalt(III)-catalyst works efficiently. In this process, alkyne gets oxidized in the presence of in situ generated water, which is the key step for this method, for which trifluoroethanol is the water source. The pivaloyl directing group chelates effectively to generate the cobaltacycle intermediate, which was detected through high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). Also, the formation of bis(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl) ether has been confirmed and quantified using 19 F NMR. In addition, the applicability of obtained indole C(4)-acrylophenone product has been demonstrated by performing the Nazarov cyclization and conjugate addition to the α,β-unsaturated ketone moiety.