Expanding the role of tachykinins in the neuroendocrine control of reproduction

Fergani, Chrysanthi; Navarro, Vı́ctor

doi:10.1530/rep-16-0378

Cited by 46 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 133 publications

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“…Other neuroendocrine systems may also be at work, as kisspeptin has established roles in nitric oxide [61], neurokinin B [62], dynorphin [63], gamma-aminobutyric acid [22], glutamate [38], and cocaine-and amphetamine-regulated transcript [64] signalling. Hence, there is a complex set of pathways that kisspeptin signalling can interact with, to bring about the aforementioned effects on emotions and sexual processing that will no doubt be a subject of future study.…”

Section: Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging Roles of Kisspeptin in Sexual and Emotional Brain Processing

Comninos

Dhillo

2017

Neuroendocrinology

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The emergence of kisspeptin as a crucial regulator of the hypothalamo-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis over the last 14 years has answered many questions as to the control of reproductive hormone secretion from the hypothalamus. More recently, the role of kisspeptin outside the HPG axis has received increasing attention in the hope of delineating the pathways linking various sensory and social behaviours to reproduction. These studies, in a range of species from zebrafish to humans, have identified a role for kisspeptin in behavioural networks related to reproduction including olfaction, audition, fear, anxiety, mood, and sexual arousal. The available evidence suggests that extrahypothalamic kisspeptin signalling encourages positive aspects of emotional and sexual brain processing in a presumed drive towards reproduction and ultimately maintenance of the species at a population level. In this review, we examine these studies, which collectively propose that kisspeptin may integrate sexual and emotional brain processing with the control of the HPG axis.

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Section: Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging Roles of Kisspeptin in Sexual and Emotional Brain Processing

Comninos

Dhillo

2017

Neuroendocrinology

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“…Motivated by recent experimental evidence, we developed and studied a mathematical model of the KNDy population in the ARC, a population proposed to comprise the core of the GnRH pulse generator (21,22). Our model demonstrates that the KNDy population can indeed produce and sustain pulsatile dynamics working as a relaxation oscillator.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mathematical modelling elucidates core mechanisms underpinning GnRH pulse generation

Voliotis

Burgh

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Reproduction critically depends on the pulsatile secretion of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) from the hypothalamus. This ultradian rhythm drives the secretion of gonadotrophic hormones (LH and FSH) from the pituitary gland, which are critical for gametogenesis and ovulation, and its frequency is regulated throughout the life course to maintain normal reproductive health. However, the precise mechanisms controlling the pulsatile GnRH dynamics are unknown. Here, we propose and study a novel mathematical model of a population of neurones in the arcuate nucleus (ARC) of the hypothalamus that co-expresses three key modulators of GnRH secretion: kisspeptin; neurokinin B (NKB); and dynorphin (Dyn). The model highlights that positive feedback in the population exerted by NKB and negative feedback mediated by Dyn are the two key components of the pulse generator, which operates as a relaxation oscillator.Furthermore, we use the model to study how external inputs modulate the frequency of 1 peer-reviewed) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission.The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not . http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/245548 doi: bioRxiv preprint first posted online Jan. 12, 2018; the pulse generator, a prediction that can be readily tested in-vivo using optogeneticallydriven stimulation. Finally, our model predicts the response of the system to various neuropharmacological perturbations and reconciles inconsistent experimental observations following such interventions in-vivo. We anticipate that our model in combination with cutting-edge, in-vivo techniques, allowing for neuronal stimulation and recording, will set the stage for a quantitative, system-level understanding of the GnRH pulse generator.

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“…Tachykinin (a SP homologue) promotes drosophila male-male aggression and male-female mating [Asahina et al, 2014], and NK1 knockout mice are less aggressive and have a higher SER tone [Nelson and Chiavegatto, 2001]. Moreover, the ARC KISS1 population inducing the acute release of sex hormones via GnRH and LH expresses tachykinin B, and peripheral administration of SP in men induces LH secretion [Fergani and Navarro, 2017]. SP is expressed in BG direct path MSNs because these are the neurons activated during charging responses to surprising objects, and the released SP acts to promote execution responses via CINs.…”

Section: Pain Aggression Mating: Substance P (Sp) Histaminementioning

confidence: 99%

The Brain, Explained: A Comprehensive Theory of Brain Function

Rappoport¹

2018

Preprint

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Understanding brain function is one of the most important problems in human history. At present, there is no concrete theory for how the brain works. Here, a theory is presented that provides a detailed mechanistic biological account of the brain's capacities, including motor control, functional states, language, and thinking. Brain function is managed by a well-defined r e sponse ( R ) p r ocess t h at i s generally similar to the process underlying the immune system. The R process is strongly reflected in the brain's anatomy, physiology, and external i n teractions. Different R process stages are supported by distinct excitatory networks located in different cortical layers, hippocampal fields, and bagal ganglia paths, by distinct coordination networks comprised of GABAergic interneurons, and by distinct molecular agents. The roles of norepinephrine, serotonin, dopamine and acetylcholine is to promote the alert, planning, goal-setting and execution R process modes, respectively. Opioids and oxytocin promote termination by success, failure, fight o r r un, w hile g lucocorticoids and cannabinoids suppress acute responses to protect cells. The R process has two instances occurring at different time scales. The millisecondscale Quax process implements the execution of hierarchical sequences of movements and thoughts, in which the selection of the next action is determined via interaction between top-down predictions and sensory inputs. The slower Need process controls the satisfaction of internal and external needs. The theory differs from the existing standard accounts in many of the major topics (e.g., the basal ganglia, dopamine, language), and shows how cognition results from biological processes.

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Expanding the role of tachykinins in the neuroendocrine control of reproduction

Cited by 46 publications

References 133 publications

Emerging Roles of Kisspeptin in Sexual and Emotional Brain Processing

Emerging Roles of Kisspeptin in Sexual and Emotional Brain Processing

Mathematical modelling elucidates core mechanisms underpinning GnRH pulse generation

The Brain, Explained: A Comprehensive Theory of Brain Function

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