Expanding the role of reaction calorimetry

Landau, Ralph

doi:10.1016/s0040-6031(96)03081-x

Cited by 58 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 62 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…DSC scanning results showed that the onset temperature and heat of reaction of the white residue were 543 K and 1150 J/g respectively, and the residue was polyacrylonitrile (PAN). 8,9 For stirring rates of 570 and 360 rpm, heat release due to polymerization of AN was dispersed by stirring and a marked temperature increase was not observed. However, without stirring, the heat released concentrated at local hot spots, ultimately causing polymerization of all the AN within the system.…”

Section: Mixing Hazard Of Pos With Anmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of an accidental explosion due to unintended mixing involving reactive chemicals at a waste storage tank

Miyake

Kimura

Yamada

2008

J Mater Cycles Waste Manag

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

An accidental explosion occurred in a waste storage tank at an incineration plant in Kawasaki, Japan, on May 11, 1997. The accident was caused primarily by unintended mixing involving reactive chemicals, such as organic peroxides (POs) and acrylonitrile (AN). The PO initiated polymerization of AN and the heat released during the polymerization led to a runaway reaction and explosion. POs are widely used in the chemical industry and can be self-reactive and hazardous when mixed with other chemicals such as acids and alkalis. The goal of this study was to obtain a better understanding of the mixing hazard of chemicals through an evaluation of POs with other chemicals using conventional experimental techniques such as glass test-tube tests, Dewar vessel tests, and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Seven types of POs were mixed with AN. Test results were classifi ed into four ranks based on the hazard criteria. In addition, di(2-ethylhexyl)-peroxydicarbonate/AN mixtures were investigated in detail and the infl uences of the mixing ratio and the stirring rate were examined.

show abstract

Section: Mixing Hazard Of Pos With Anmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of an accidental explosion due to unintended mixing involving reactive chemicals at a waste storage tank

Miyake

Kimura

Yamada

2008

J Mater Cycles Waste Manag

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…[6,[8][9][10][11][12]). However, this chemical heat is not the only source of energy to be taken into account for the overall energy and mass balance of both the reactor and its cooling/heating jacket: -In continuous and semi-continuous operations, feeding and also withdrawing of material may contribute at 10-20 % to the total reactor energy when the chemical heat is considered to be 100 %.…”

Section: Reaction Calorimetrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymerization Online Monitoring

Frauendorfer¹,

Wolf²,

Hergeth³

2010

Chem Eng & Technol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Online monitoring of polymerization reactions is not only important due to the high exothermic nature of most polymerization systems; the data gained also provides information on product composition and quality and control possibilities thereof. Many inline and online methods are still in development and are better suited for application on the laboratory or pilot-plant scale. Industrial polymerization plant environments pose additional technical and financial challenges and constraints for the use of such systems. Available methods and current developments are reviewed with regard to their practicability and usefulness under these aspects.

show abstract

“…Initially, adiabatic calorimetry [13] was employed for monitoring the progress [14,15] of the reaction shown in Eq. (1) using hexenal 2a in order to correlate with the expected mechanism, [16,17] and to carry out process modelling and kinetic fitting [18] as a prelude to developing an asymmetric catalytic entry to the b-thioaldehyde 3a [19] which is used as a fragrance/flavour compound.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%