Expanding the plain: Using archaeobotany to examine adaptation to the 5.2 kya climate change event during the Anatolian Late Chalcolithic at Çadır Höyük

Baeyer, Madelynn von; Smith, Alexia; Steadman, Sharon R.

doi:10.1016/j.jasrep.2021.102806

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Isotopic analysis on cereal grains from several sites across the region does show a signal associated with drought stress around the 5.2 ka phase (Riehl et al, 2014) but at Tell Brak new crop strategies at this time included greater reliance on crops which required wetter conditions, such as einkorn wheat (Charles, Pessin, & Hald, 2010). At Çadır Höyük in Anatolia, archaeobotanical assemblages across the event remain similar, but there is a change in animal management from foddering to grazing, perhaps to accommodate declines in cereal yields (von Baeyer, Smith, & Steadman, 2021). Taken together, the evidence suggests that the 5.2 ka event did affect the Fertile Crescent, but most communities were able to adapt such that it did not have a major impact on population or urban networks.…”

Section: Collapse Events? 52 Ka and 42 Kamentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate change and early urbanism in Southwest Asia: A review

Lawrence

Gibbons

Gruchy

2021

WIREs Climate Change

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During the Late Chalcolithic and Early Bronze Age (c. 6500-4000 BP), the Fertile Crescent in Southwest Asia saw the earliest development of cities anywhere in the world. Climate and environmental factors are generally considered to be significant in these changes because in pre-industrial societies they directly relate to food production and security. The emergence of cities also coincides with a decoupling of settlement and climate trends, suggesting urbanism may have enhanced the adaptive capacity of societies to withstand changing climatic conditions. Urban forms followed a variety of different trajectories, with a much more sporadic and episodic history in the dry farming plains of the North and West of the study region compared to the stable build-up in the irrigated South. Although models dealing with urban growth have emphasized the differential access to agrarian resources as a key driver in promoting hierarchical social systems, climate has rarely been explicitly discussed. In contrast, so-called "collapse" events brought about by extreme, but short-lived, climate changes such as droughts have been blamed for declines in urban and rural populations, social complexity, political systems, and entire empires. However, the extent to which these "collapses" are visible in the archeological record, let alone how far they can be attributed to climate changes, is a matter of intense debate. The archeological and historical record, the variegated environmental conditions, and the deep time perspective on complexity available, make the Fertile Crescent an ideal laboratory for assessing causal links between urban formations and climate fluctuations.

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Section: Collapse Events? 52 Ka and 42 Kamentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate change and early urbanism in Southwest Asia: A review

Lawrence

Gibbons

Gruchy

2021

WIREs Climate Change

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“…The main courtyard of the earliest Agglutinated house opens directly to the street, and access to the inner rooms of the structure is not restricted (Figure 4). Botanical remains indicate that the ground-level rooms were primarily used for the storage of grain and legumes, which were kept in baskets von Baeyer et al 2021). The organization of the compound suggests that the lifestyle of the social group living here was highly communal, and mostly carried out in the open, shared spaces.…”

Section: Changing Contexts and Stable Practice At çAdır Höyükmentioning

confidence: 99%

Not Seeing Is Believing: Ritual Practice and Architecture at Chalcolithic Çadır Höyük in Anatolia

2021

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Chalcolithic religious practice at the site of Çadır Höyük (central Anatolia) included the insertion of ritual deposits into the architectural fabric of the settlement, “consecrating” spaces or imbuing them with symbolic properties. These deposits are recognizable in the archaeological record by their consistent use of ritually-charged material, such as ochre, copper, human and animal bone, and certain kinds of ceramics. During the 800-year period considered in this paper, the material practice of making these ritual deposits remained remarkably consistent. However, the types of spaces where the deposits are made change as shifting social organization reforms the divisions between private and public space.

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Grapes and Wine in pre-Roman Anatolia: Evidence of Large-Scale Viticulture from Southern Cappadocia, the Land of the Storm-God of the Vineyard

Castellano

2023

Journal of Near Eastern Studies

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Expanding the plain: Using archaeobotany to examine adaptation to the 5.2 kya climate change event during the Anatolian Late Chalcolithic at Çadır Höyük

Cited by 4 publications

References 36 publications

Climate change and early urbanism in Southwest Asia: A review

Climate change and early urbanism in Southwest Asia: A review

Not Seeing Is Believing: Ritual Practice and Architecture at Chalcolithic Çadır Höyük in Anatolia

Grapes and Wine in pre-Roman Anatolia: Evidence of Large-Scale Viticulture from Southern Cappadocia, the Land of the Storm-God of the Vineyard

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