Expanding Possibilities for Intervention against Small Ruminant Lentiviruses through Genetic Marker-Assisted Selective Breeding

White, Stephen N.; Knowles, Donald P.

doi:10.3390/v5061466

Cited by 32 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 206 publications

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“…Although there is indication for association between TMEM154 mutations and control of MVV infection, there is no proven association for all the haplotypes [73]. Other genes associated with virus susceptibility are the DPPA2 (Developmental Pluripotency Associated 2)/DPPA4 (Developmental Pluripotency Associated 4), SYTL3 (Synaptotagmin-Like 3), CCR5 (Chemokine receptor 5), MHC (Major Histocompatability Complex), TLR7, TLR8, TLR9 (Toll-like receptors) genes, and APOBEC3 (Apolipoprotein B mRNA-editing enzyme) proteins [75][76][77], whereas the zinc finger cluster, C19orf42 (Chromosome 19 Open Reading Frame 19)/TMEM38A (Transmembrane Protein 38A) and DLGAP1 (Discs Large (Drosophila) Homolog-Associated Protein 1) genes may be used in genetic selection programs to facilitate the control of the disease [78]. The tripartite motif-containing 5 (TRIM5) protein has been studied and has been proved to contribute to the restriction of MVV [79].…”

Section: Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Breeding for resistance against SRLVs is an emerging research field. Specific genes have already been found to be associated with resistance or susceptibility to the disease and the discovery of additional genomic regions may increase the options for its control through marker-assisted selection (MAS) [76].…”

Section: Conclusion and Future Challenges In Controlling MVmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Etiology, Epizootiology and Control of Maedi-Visna in Dairy Sheep: A Review

Kalogianni

Bossis

Ekateriniadou³

et al. 2020

Animals

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Maedi-visna (MV) in sheep is caused by maedi-visna virus (MVV), a small ruminant lentivirus (SRLV) that causes chronic infection and inflammatory lesions in infected animals. Pneumonia and mastitis are its predominant clinical manifestations, and the tissues infected by MVV are mainly the lungs, the mammary gland, the nervous system and the joints. MV has a worldwide distribution with distinct MVV transmission patterns depending on circulating strains and regionally applied control/eradication schemes. Nevertheless, the prevalence rate of MV universally increases. Currently, gaps in understanding the epizootiology of MV, the continuous mutation of existing and the emergence of new small ruminant lentiviruses (SRLVs) strains, lack of an effective detection protocol and the inefficiency of currently applied preventive measures render elimination of MV an unrealistic target. Therefore, modifications on the existing MV surveillance and control schemes on an evidentiary basis are necessary. Updated control schemes require the development of diagnostic protocols for the early and definitive diagnosis of MVV infections. The objectives of this review are to summarize the current knowledge in the epizootiology and control of MV in dairy sheep, to describe the research framework and to cover existing gaps in understanding future challenges regarding MV.

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Section: Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Conclusion and Future Challenges In Controlling MVmentioning

confidence: 99%

Etiology, Epizootiology and Control of Maedi-Visna in Dairy Sheep: A Review

Kalogianni

Bossis

Ekateriniadou³

et al. 2020

Animals

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“…Long-term solutions also may benefit from genomic approaches. Most disease resistance research efforts have been devoted to diseases existing in modern production settings, but examples do exist in the developing world, such as resistance to lentiviruses in small ruminants (White and Knowles 2013) that demonstrate the possible power of modern genomic approaches. Other examples include the long-term research effort devoted to examining differences among native breeds of cattle in Africa for resistance to Trypanosoma congolense infection, which causes sleeping sickness (Noyes et al 2011).…”

Section: Improvement In Traits Affecting Climate Resiliencementioning

confidence: 99%

Applications of Technology for Livestock for Small Holders to Meet Global Food Production

Rothschild

Plastow

2016

Ceiba

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Abstract. While the Green Revolution greatly changed production of crops worldwide and helped feed over a billion people, improved production of livestock has been more limited across the globe. Modern advances in livestock production have in general only benefitted two groups: large scale livestock producers and consumers in the developed world. In some parts of the world many of the animal production practices have not changed for the last 1000 years and in other regions small holders have benefited only marginally by the scientific advances that now are an integral part of large scale commercial production. However, increased food insecurity and a worldwide food production crisis loom in the future as the most significant scientific challenge facing us in the next 30 years. Expectations are that human population growth will soon go from 7.3 billion to 9.6 billion by 2050, and food production must increase rapidly to meet the demand. These increases must come despite evidence of climate change and limited land and water resources. Whilst there is a perception of over consumption of animal products in the developed world, there are still significant numbers that are undernourished. Animal protein plays a very important role in achieving a balanced diet in the developing world, especially for the adequate nutrition of children. Furthermore, it is expected that significant increased demand for animal source foods will occur especially in the poorer countries of the developing world where most livestock are produced by small holders, but also in countries like China and Brazil which are transforming quickly. Many researchers have touted that modern feeding systems, and the use of advanced reproductive technologies and advanced genetics and genomics will provide solutions to increasing food in the developing world. These opportunities certainly exist, but direction and focus of research, funding issues, human capacity training and training of small holders will all be required for increasing livestock production to satisfy these demands. These activities will need to be embedded within sustainable programs that address implementation from the outset, and benefiting small holder production will be crucial to meeting this challenge. Key words: Animal production, developing world, food insecurity, small producers. Aplicaciones de Tecnología en el Ganado de Pequeños Productores para Satisfacer la Demanda Global de AlimentoResumen. Mientras que la llamada Revolución Verde ha producido grandes cambios en la producción agrícola en el mundo, lo que ha ayudado a alimentar a más un billón de personas, mejoramientos en la ganadería han sido más limitados. Los adelantos modernos en la producción de ganado en general han beneficiado sólo a dos grupos: los ganaderos de gran escala y los consumidores en los países desarrollados. En algunas partes del mundo, muchas de las prácticas de producción animal no han cambiado en los últimos 1000 años y en otras regiones los pequeños productores se han beneficiado sólo marginalmente por lo...

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“…Because proviral concentration is a measure of viral replication also correlated with disease, this deletion variant may be predictive for SRLV disease severity. However, an open question is whether this deletion variant could also be associated with production or other traits that might enhance or detract from its value in selective sheep breeding …”

Section: Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%