If the size of atmospheric plasma is sufficiently large, its resonance radiation can be efficiently absorbed by its atoms and molecules being in the ground and excited states. Such atmospheri plasma is adiabatic. This paper develops the adiabatic theory of plasna recombination in the atmosphere. Dependence of the recombination coefficient on the temperature of elections is obtained. Singular points of the solution of equations are interpreted as evidence that longliving metastable states of plasma exist. Parameters of such states are presented. Ball lightning and plasma of night ionosphere are considered as examples.