Expanding immunization coverage in rural India: A review of evidence for the role of community health workers

Patel, Amit R.; Nowalk, Mary Patricia

doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2009.10.108

Cited by 75 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…For example, programs that use community health workers have been shown to improve immunization rates overall in India to a greater extent than other interventions, although more evidence is needed to make the connection conclusive. 11 The unfortunate fact, however, is that India spends woefully little on routine immunization. Only 2.1 percent of the national government's health budget is allocated to routine immunization-a small amount given the country's large population and number of births.…”

Section: Expanding Routine Immunizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

India’s Vaccine Deficit: Why More Than Half Of Indian Children Are Not Fully Immunized, And What Can—And Should—Be Done

Laxminarayan

Ganguly

2011

Health Affairs

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Although India is a leading producer and exporter of vaccines, the country is home to one-third of the world's unimmunized children. Fewer than 44 percent of India's young children receive the full schedule of immunizations. India's vaccine deficit has several causes: little investment by the government; a focus on polio eradication at the expense of other immunizations; and low demand as a consequence of a poorly educated population and the presence of anti-vaccine advocates. In this article we describe India's vaccine deficit and recommend that the government move quickly to increase spending on, and otherwise strengthen, national immunization programs.

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Section: Expanding Routine Immunizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

India’s Vaccine Deficit: Why More Than Half Of Indian Children Are Not Fully Immunized, And What Can—And Should—Be Done

Laxminarayan

Ganguly

2011

Health Affairs

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“…9 The finding of increased uptake of immunisation was consistent with a Cochrane review of CHW effectiveness and supportive of efforts to improve routine immunisation coverage in India, though was not verified through external sources such as health service data. 10,11 Thus, a July 2017. Christian Journal for Global Health 4(2):43-52.…”

Section: More Systematic Follow-up Support and Training Neededmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of community lay-leader health worker training and practice (Uttarakhand, India)

Butcher¹,

Grills²

2017

han-j-cjgh

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This study investigated the impacts of the Community Lay-Leaders Health Training Certificate course on trainees and their communities in the state of Uttarakhand, North India. A suite of semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions were conducted among course stakeholders and graduates, respectively, and textual data was added to the data set. Thematic analysis of the results revealed four themes, including: (1) the effectiveness of course design and delivery, together with the key role of the coordinating facilitator; (2) the match between graduates' practices, the providing institution's objectives and general expectations of community health workers; (3) the strengthening of the health system through skills multiplication, collaboration with existing authorities, and advocacy for higher quality in professional practice; and (4) the need for ongoing support and training post-graduation. The findings are consistent with literature concerning community health workers' roles and challenges, although some potentially unique outcomes were noted with respect to the pastoral support provided to trainees and the pro-active transfer of graduates' knowledge and skills to fellow villagers.

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“…Although financial remuneration is justified in communities with subsistence economies, assistance by VHVs could be better optimized if their expected tasks were well defined and properly explained. It is unlikely that financial remuneration alone will result in improved service coverage, although it would minimize attrition and contribute to continuity and regularity 17 . Positive relationships between health staff and village authorities appeared to be an important factor in mobilizing support from the community.…”

Section: Financing and Incentivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Irregular outreach sessions in tandem with poor communication of changes in timing are considered a major reason for low vaccination coverage in India. 17 Thus, adhering to the regular outreach schedule is important to ensure high attendance, especially if there are difficulties with communication, which is not uncommon in Laos. If the date of outreach sessions changed because of delays in availability of funds or supplies such as vaccines, health centre staff reported that they usually tried to inform villages in advance of their impending arrival.…”

Section: Scheduling Of Visits Communication and Community Involvementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Building on community outreach for childhood vaccination to deliver maternal and child health services in Laos: a feasibility assessment

Jacobs¹,

Lindelöw²,

Xayyavong³

et al. 2012

Reproductive Health Matters

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Expanding immunization coverage in rural India: A review of evidence for the role of community health workers

Cited by 75 publications

References 20 publications

India’s Vaccine Deficit: Why More Than Half Of Indian Children Are Not Fully Immunized, And What Can—And Should—Be Done

India’s Vaccine Deficit: Why More Than Half Of Indian Children Are Not Fully Immunized, And What Can—And Should—Be Done

Impacts of community lay-leader health worker training and practice (Uttarakhand, India)

Building on community outreach for childhood vaccination to deliver maternal and child health services in Laos: a feasibility assessment

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