Expanding Allelic Diversity of
            <i>Helicobacter pylori vacA</i>

Doorn, Leen Jan Van; Figueiredo, Céu; Sanna, Ricardo; Peña, Salvador; Midolo, Peter; Ng, Enders Kwok Wai; Atherton, John C.; Blaser, Martin J.; Quint, Wim

doi:10.1128/jcm.36.9.2597-2603.1998

Cited by 253 publications

(133 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The predominant vacA genotype in Japan was s1c/m1b (55/65, 84.6% in Fukui, and 38/60, 63.3% in Okinawa). Van Doorn et al also reported that subtype s1c was prevalent in East Asia, but appears to be rare in other parts of the world [13]. We also demonstrated in this study that the predominant East Asian type CagA-positive strains had vacA s1c/m1b genotype in Japan.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

The diversity ofvacAandcagAgenes ofHelicobacter pyloriin East Asia

Zhou

Yamazaki

Yamakawa

et al. 2004

FEMS Immunology &Amp; Medical Microbiology

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It has been reported that Helicobacter pylori infection with the type I strain, which expresses the VacA and CagA antigens, is associated with duodenal ulcer. We examined the diversity of vacA and cagA genes in 143 isolates obtained from patients with duodenal ulcer or chronic gastritis in East Asia (two different areas of Japan, Fukui and Okinawa, and also in Hangzhou, China) by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequence analysis. Diversities of cagA and vacA genes were detected in East Asia. The prevalence of cagA-positive H. pylori was significantly different between Fukui and Okinawa (P=0.0032). The prevalence of Western type CagA was significantly higher in Okinawa than in Fukui (P<0.0001). However, there was no significant association between the genotype of cagA and clinical outcome. In Japan, the predominant vacA genotype was s1c/m1b. In contrast, in Hangzhou, the predominant vacA genotype was s1c/m2, and they were all East Asian CagA-positive. These findings suggest that a distinct distribution of the vacA and cagA genotypes is present in East Asia, regardless of clinical outcome.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

The diversity ofvacAandcagAgenes ofHelicobacter pyloriin East Asia

Zhou

Yamazaki

Yamakawa

et al. 2004

FEMS Immunology &Amp; Medical Microbiology

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“…2), although this region differed by just two bases from the P2S1b probe. Identification of this probable recombinant by RH supports the higher specificity of this assay [17].…”

Section: Analysis Of Vaca Genotypessupporting

confidence: 65%

Genetic characterisation of Helicobacter pylori isolates from an Argentinean adult population based on cag pathogenicity island right-end motifs, lspA-glmM polymorphism and iceA and vacA genotypes

Leanza

Matteo

Crespo

et al. 2004

Clinical Microbiology and Infection

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Isolates of Helicobacter pylori from 88 patients were characterised by cagA status, cagA pathogenicity island (PAI) right-end motifs, iceA, vacA and lspA-glmM genotypes, primarily by PCR-based analysis, to investigate whether Argentinean isolates differed from those recovered in southern Europe or other Latin American countries. PCR-based analysis of vacA alleles was confirmed by reverse hybridisation in 56 cases, while sequence analysis was performed either when iceA and vacA genotypes could not be determined by PCR, or to investigate PCR and reverse hybridisation vacA genotyping discordance. Typing by lspA-glmM restriction fragment length polymorphism was performed with HhaI and AluI. The pattern of cag PAI right-end motifs and the prevalence of type Ia were similar to those in isolates from southern European countries, with cagA(+)/iceA1/vacA-s1 m1 being the commonest genotype. Reverse hybridisation identified a vacA-s1a/s1b recombinant allele, confirmed by sequencing analysis. Analysis of lspA-glmM genotypes identified at least 73 unrelated strains. Few mixed infections were identified, but in one case, isolates from a single biopsy exhibiting two vacA alleles were shown by lspA-glmM fingerprints to be two unrelated strains. No associated effect on ulcer disease risk was demonstrated by analysis of cagA, vacA and iceA status. Overall, the isolates of H. pylori from Argentina were similar to isolates from southern Europe or Latin American countries, and infections were associated mainly with single H. pylori strains.

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“…The primers 5P-ACCCTAGTCGGTAATGGGTTA (CAG1) and 5P-GTAATTGTCTAGTTTCGC (CAG2) were used to amplify the cagA 3P region as described previously [14]. The vacA genotypes were detected using PCR as reported in [15].…”

Section: Dna Isolation and Polymerase Chain Reaction (Pcr)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of a new segment involved in cagA 3′ region variation of Helicobacter pylori

Dong¹

2002

FEMS Immunology and Medical Microbiology

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The cagA 3' region shows marked variation among Helicobacter pylori strains. Two segments of 102 bp and 57 bp are reportedly responsible for this variation. We analysed the cagA 3' region in 70 H. pylori strains using polymerase chain reaction and sequencing. We found that another segment, namely beta segment, was also involved in the variation of this region. The beta segment was 105 bp long and located between the aforementioned two segments. Six genotypes were identified based on the structure of the cagA 3' region. No relationship was found between these genotypes and the clinical outcomes or vacA genotypes. The numbers of tyrosine phosphorylation sites within the cagA 3' region varied among strains, but this was not related to the cagA genotypes. Our data suggest that the cagA 3' region is significantly variable. It appears that the variation of the cagA 3' region might contribute to the modification of virulence.

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Expanding Allelic Diversity of Helicobacter pylori vacA

Cited by 253 publications

References 39 publications

The diversity ofvacAandcagAgenes ofHelicobacter pyloriin East Asia

The diversity ofvacAandcagAgenes ofHelicobacter pyloriin East Asia

Genetic characterisation of Helicobacter pylori isolates from an Argentinean adult population based on cag pathogenicity island right-end motifs, lspA-glmM polymorphism and iceA and vacA genotypes

Identification of a new segment involved in cagA 3′ region variation of Helicobacter pylori

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