Expanding Access to Naloxone in the United States

Fentanyl, fentanyl analogs and novel synthetic opioids: A comprehensive review

“…The high prevalence of opioid abuse in the US, combined with the threat of synthetic opioids, makes it so that layperson and first responder naloxone access is imperative (Doyon et al, 2014). With the FDA's assistance, naloxone is now available over the counter, that is, without a provider's prescription, in 40 states (Gupta et al, 2016).…”

Emergency physicians’ attitudes and perceived barriers to the implementation of take-home naloxone programs in Canadian emergency departments

“…The World Health Organization, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the U.S. Society of Toxicology have all advanced statements supporting these interventions and calling for wider access to these programs. [13][14][15] Due to the high rate of drug-related visits, 16 recurrent opioid prescribing, and routine encounters with opioid overdose patients, 17 the emergency department (ED) may represent an underutilized setting to identify patients at risk of opioid overdose and to distribute naloxone.…”

Toxicology in the Service of Patient and Medication Safety: a Selected Glance at Past and Present Innovations

“…On a larger scale, in collaboration with other stakeholders, the application by toxicologists of injury prevention models (e.g., Haddon matrix [35]) to populations at risk from poisoning has dramatically decreased pesticide deaths in a strategic and systematic fashion [36,37]. Lastly, the specialty's societies can be leveraged to address medication systems issues (e.g., BAntidote Shortages: Impact and Response^ [38], BExpanding Access to Naloxone^ [39], and BMedical Toxicologist Participation in Medication Management and Safety Systems^ [34]). …”