Expanded perlite/cork fillers applied to aerospace insulation materials

Abstract

Insulations for rocket motors such as Flexible Thermal Protections (FTPs) and Rigid Thermal Protection (RTPs) act as thermal barriers against the hyperthermal environment from the solid propellant combustion. FTPs present dual function: to extend RTPs performance, and to attenuate the propellant contraction. FTPs used in the Brazilian Space Program have asbestos in their composition since the 70´s; however, they are hazardous for human health. In this context, a mixture of Expanded Perlite (PExp) and Cork Powder (CP) was investigated as a replacement for asbestos. Results showed reduction about 21 % in density and an increase of 13 % in the ablative properties. The low mechanical properties not interfere in this type of FTP due to your function of attenuate the propellant contraction.

Evaluation of elastomeric heat shielding materials as insulators for solid propellant rocket motors: A short review

“…Research in this field has increased significantly, and several excellent reviews have been published in recent years [7,[9][10][11][12] from leading countries such as China, India, Iran, Italy, Russia, and the United States. South American countries have also contributed to the development of materials in the field of rocket science [4,5,[13][14][15][16]. By forming an inner lining on the inner surface of rocket motors, insulators prevent their exposure to the extremely high-temperature gases of the propellant during combustion and help the integrity of motor without failure during operation [17].…”

“…-The pyrolytic zone: Region between the charring zone and the virgin material, where the TPS decomposition and pyrolysis processes occur. -The virgin TPS zone: Region that consist on unreacted TPS [3,4].…”