Expanded PASS stopping code

Schinner, Andreas; Sigmund, Peter

doi:10.1016/j.nimb.2018.10.047

Cited by 39 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…But the actual electronic stopping cross section is claimed to be the unrestricted value calculated by PASS. We emphasize that the linear velocity dependence of stopping cross sections calculated by PASS does not extend down to zero but is affected by angular deflection for E < 0.001 MeV/u [12].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…This reflects the fact that in a free binary nonionizing collision, the transfer of electronic energy must be independent of the reference frame from which it is observed [3]. However, the Firsov formula appears to overestimate the reported stopping cross section significantly, as does the PASS prediction [12]. The PASS prediction shows a slight departure from reciprocity.…”

Section: Characteristic Examplesmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…In the following we study reciprocity within the energy interval 0.001-0.1 MeV/u: Above 0.1 MeV/u ions are no longer close to neutral. Below 0.001 MeV/u, angular deflection causes deviations from the expected linear velocity dependence of the stopping cross section [12]. Computations are performed with the ASCS code [19], which determines reduced stopping cross sections for a given projectile-target combination as a function of beam energy E, detector opening angle φ and a dimensionless target thickness…”

Section: Electronic Stoppingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tracking experimental data suitable for studying reciprocity is facilitated by the REST code [8] which reads data from [4] and, in graphical form, provides information on the existence of pertinent data. The code also facilitates the drawing of graphs utilizing GNUPLOT and, in its latest version [9], allows for inclusion of theoretical estimates, in particular Lindhard & Scharff [6], Firsov [5,10] and PASS [11,12], as well as the SRIM tabulation [13]. , generated by REST [9] like most of the other graphs in this paper, shows stopping cross sections for two atom pairs which belong to a rather rare category: Not only are experimental data available in an energy range where reciprocity can be expected to be obeyed, i.e., well below the stopping maximum, but where reciprocity actually appears to be obeyed between pertinent data in the IAEA database [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reciprocity analysis of electronic stopping of slow ions

Sigmund

Kuzmin

Schinner

2019

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B:

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Reciprocity denotes the (approximate) equality of the electronic stopping cross section of element A in element B with the one of element B in element A. Reciprocity is expected in the energy range below ∼ 0.1 MeV/u. For ions heavier than protons, most measurements are performed by the transmission technique. In order to minimize nuclear energy loss, only a narrow beam of penetrating ions is allowed to enter the detector. This implies that also the electronic energy loss is underestimated. We have estimated the magnitude of the necessary correction on the basis of the PASS code and its influence on the expected reciprocity and find that reciprocity is not necessarily violated, even if the reported cross sections differ significantly. However, we also find differences between reported stopping cross sections and computed reduced stopping cross sections that we cannot reconcile on the basis of the PASS code. These differences are found to reflect the well-known Z 1 structure, which is not inherent in the present version of PASS.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Section: Characteristic Examplesmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Electronic Stoppingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reciprocity analysis of electronic stopping of slow ions

Sigmund

Kuzmin

Schinner

2019

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B:

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“…Binary stopping theory [15] is based on Bohr's theory [18], which operates with a classical target electron initially at rest. A more realistic model requires several extensions, which have been described in the literature, most recently in [19]. In the present context, the most important extension is the shell correction, which accounts for the statistical distribution of target electrons in real and velocity space.…”

Section: Impact-parameter-dependent Energy Lossmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of impact-parameter-dependent electronic energy loss on reflected-ion spectra

Shulga

Schinner

Sigmund

2020

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B:

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Major and Trace Element Composition Differences Revealed in Porcine Intestine by Dynamic Analysis and MeV Ion Microscopy

Whitlow,

Nagy,

Kuznetsov

et al. 2024

Physica Status Solidi (a)

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Physiologically relevant concentrations in biological tissue, in the in vivo, state are of the order of μmol L−1 and mmol L−1. Up to the present, mapping the major elements in the matrix and its thickness has been neglected, despite their importance for quantification of lesser and trace element concentrations. Ryan and Jamieson's dynamic analysis, statistical spectral decomposition approach, is developed to quantitatively measure ex vivo tissue sections cut using a cryomicrotome. This mitigates the problem that physical analysis methods require a vacuum environment. This approach is used to quantitatively image the major matrix elements H, C, N, and O as well as trace maps of Ca, Fe, and Zn in a tissue section of porcine intestine. This sample is selected as it exhibits a complex morphology with multiple tissue compartments (such as muscle and mucosa, as well as void areas from blood vessels, lymph ducts, sinuses crypts, and villi. In the results, it is demonstrated that different tissue types can have a different matrix composition and thickness. Using this information, quantitative maps and elemental molarities for the lesser and trace elements Ca, Fe, and Zn are obtained.

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Expanded PASS stopping code

Cited by 39 publications

References 55 publications

Reciprocity analysis of electronic stopping of slow ions

Reciprocity analysis of electronic stopping of slow ions

Effect of impact-parameter-dependent electronic energy loss on reflected-ion spectra

Major and Trace Element Composition Differences Revealed in Porcine Intestine by Dynamic Analysis and MeV Ion Microscopy

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