The research work carried out within this PhD aims to discuss the possibilities that the Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) bring to the development of Home Hemodialysis programs (HDD) optimizing their medical outcomes. After a first approach to the state of the art of kidney substitution treatments, and in particular of the HDD, and the description of the first application of ICT based solutions to a kidney treatment in the year 2017, starting date of this research work, a mobile application, called Dialapp, was developed with the cooperation of the Nephrology Department and the Computing Department of the Hospital General de Castellón (Spain).This application allowed the physician to prescribe the HD session while patients can transmit their HD sessions' parameters manually through the application. The application also allowed two-way communication between patients and the medical team involved in their treatment. After some initial problems of data privacy, the application was launched in May 2019. At that moment, the HDD service providers started to launch two other telemonitoring remote systems. The first system used a direct online connection between the home HD session in the patient's home and the server in the hospital.This system automatically uploaded data in the hospital management server and created a dump