Expanded biomass-derived hard carbon with ultra-stable performance in sodium-ion batteries

Zhu, Ziyi; Liang, Feng; Zhou, Zhongren; Zeng, Xiaoyuan; Wang, Ding; Dong, Peng; Zhao, Jinbao; Sun, Shi‐Gang; Zhang, Yingjie; Li, Xue

doi:10.1039/c7ta07951f

Cited by 214 publications

(149 citation statements)

References 59 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

137

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…However,t hermally induced removal of these functional groups was observed, resulting in an oxygen content decrease with increasing pyrolysis temperature. The initial CE is comparable to those of other types of HC reported previously (Table S1), [28,[30][31][32]35] indicating that SB-HC is potentially practical. This can be attributed to the reduced oxygen heteroatoms and improved crystallinity of HC.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 84%

“…On increasing the rate, the capacity decreases, especiallyt hat for the plateau region, indicating that the micropore filling process is kinetically less favorable. The cycling stabilities for SB-950 and SB-1050 are among the highest reported for HC electrodes (Table S1), [31,32,35,48,49] which indicates that SB-HC is promising for NIB applications. At 2Ag À1 ,4 4%,4 9%,5 6%,a nd 42 %o ft he capacities measured at 0.03 Ag À1 were retained for the SB-750,S B-850,S B-950,a nd SB-1050 electrodes, respectively.T he high-ratep erformance improvement from SB-750t oS B- Figure 4).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…For the HC electrodes, the first negative CV scans are characterizedb yt wo irreversible cathodic peaks at 0.8 and 0.5 V, which are associated with electrode surfaceo xygen group reductiona nd electrolyte decomposition (and thus SEI formation), respectively. [29,32,33,35,50] Figure 8a compares the charge-discharge profiles of the A-950 and SB-950 electrodes measured at 0.03 Ag À1 .A lthough they show similar capacities of approximately 290 mAh g À1 ,t he former electrode has more of the sloped region and less of the plateau region than the latter.T his can be attributed to the larger d-spacing (as showni nF igure S4) and more defect sites but fewer ordered graphene layers for transporting Na + to micropores in A-HC compared with those in SB-HC. At the second cycle, these irreversible reactionsd iminished, leaving behind a nearly rectangular CV shape in the region 1.2-0.1 Va nd a redox peak at approximately 0.1 V, which is consistentw ith the ( Figures S2 and S3) and in good agreement with previous reports on HC.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Carbonaceous Anodes Derived from Sugarcane Bagasse for Sodium‐Ion Batteries

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

To realize the sustainability of Na‐ion batteries (NIBs) for large‐scale energy storage applications, a resource‐abundant and cost‐effective anode material is required. In this study, sugarcane bagasse (SB), one of the most abundant types of biowaste, is chosen as the carbon precursor to produce a hard carbon (HC) anode for NIBs. SB has a great balance of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin, which prevents full graphitization of the pyrolyzed carbon but ensures a sufficiently ordered carbon structure for Na+ transport. Compared with HC derived from waste apples, which are pectin‐rich and have less cellulose than SB, SB‐derived HC (SB‐HC) has fewer defects and a lower oxygen content. SB‐HC thus has a higher first‐cycle sodiation/desodiation coulombic efficiency and better cycling stability. In addition, SB‐HC has a unique flake‐like morphology, which can shorten the Na+ diffusion length, and higher electronic conductivity (owing to more sp2‐hybridized carbon), resulting in superior high‐rate charge–discharge performance to apple‐derived HC. The effects of pyrolysis temperature on the material characteristics and electrochemical properties, evaluated by using chronopotentiometry, cyclic voltammetry, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, are systematically investigated for both kinds of HC.

show abstract

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Carbonaceous Anodes Derived from Sugarcane Bagasse for Sodium‐Ion Batteries

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…

Hard carbon materials derived from biomass sources, such as sucrose, glucose, cotton, holly leaf, and eggshell membrane, have been intensively investigated as anodes for SIBs because of their high capacity. [6] Hu and co-workers prepared a carbonized leaf membrane from natural leaf as a binder-free anode for SIBs, and this anode exhibited ICE of 74.8%. [4a,d,e] For example, Pan and co-workers fabricated hard carbon microspheres using sucrose as a precursor, and their ICE was 40%.

…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Low‐Temperature Growth of Hard Carbon with Graphite Crystal for Sodium‐Ion Storage with High Initial Coulombic Efficiency: A General Method

Zhao

Ding

et al. 2019

Advanced Energy Materials

151

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Hard carbon materials derived from biomass sources, such as sucrose, glucose, cotton, holly leaf, and eggshell membrane, have been intensively investigated as anodes for SIBs because of their high capacity. [4] However, these materials usually exhibit a very low initial coulombic efficiency (ICE), which hampers their practical application. [4a,d,e] For example, Pan and co-workers fabricated hard carbon microspheres using sucrose as a precursor, and their ICE was 40%. [4a] Palacín and co-workers prepared a hard carbon material using sugar as a precursor, and its ICE was ≈62%. [5] Li et al. used carbonized eggshell membrane as an anode for sodium storage, but its ICE was 45%. [4e] Zhang and co-workers prepared a hard carbon sheet-like structure using cherry petals as the raw material and achieved ICE of 67.3%. [6] Hu and co-workers prepared a carbonized leaf membrane from natural leaf as a binder-free anode for SIBs, and this anode exhibited ICE of 74.8%. [4d] Many previous studies attribute the low ICE of hard carbon materials to their large specific surface area, which may result in side reactions with the electrolyte, and these side reactions can be reduced by surface modification, such as coating the surface with soft carbon. [7] However, some experiments have demonstrated that a low specific surface area does not necessarily result in an enhancement of the ICE. [8] For instance, Billaud and co-workers fabricated pitch-based carbon fibers with specific areas as low as 1.2 and 1 m 2 g −1 , but their ICE values were only ≈33% and 15%, respectively. [9] Cao et al. synthesized hard carbon nanoparticles and hollow carbon nanowires by pyrolysis of a polyaniline precursor at the same temperature. [10b] The surface area of the hard carbon nanoparticles (23.5 m 2 g −1 ) was 30% smaller than that of the hollow carbon nanowires (31.4 m 2 g −1 ), but the ICE of the hard carbon nanoparticles (51.6%) was only 1.2% higher than that of the hollow carbon nanowires (50.5%). Mitlin and co-workers found that although the progressively decreasing surface area (from 55 to 21 m 2 g −1 ) plays a role in the increasing ICE (from 43.9% to 60.1%) as the carbonization temperature of carbonized peat moss increases (from 600 to 1400 °C), the ICE of the optimized materials was larger than that reported for high-performance carbonaceous materials (51.6%) with lower surface areas (31.4 m 2 g −1 ). [10b,11] These results suggested that other factors are responsible for the low ICE. Hard carbon Practical application of hard carbon materials in sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) is largely limited by their low initial coulombic efficiency (ICE), which may be improved by increasing the graphitization degree. However, biomassderived hard carbon is usually nongraphitizable and extremely difficult to graphitize by direct heating even at 3000 °C. Herein, a general strategy is reported for fabricating hard carbon materials with graphite crystals at 1300 °C promoted by external graphite that serves as a crystal template for the growth of graphite cry...

show abstract

“…Recently, various carbonaceous materials, including expanded graphite, carbon spheres, carbon nanofibers, hollow carbon nanowires, and biomass‐derived carbon, have been investigated as anode materials for LIBs and SIBs . Quite interestingly, carbon materials exhibiting disordered nature with a low degree of graphitization can deliver a relatively high capacity, and are known as amorphous carbon or hard carbon (HC).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hierarchical Interconnected Expanded Graphitic Ribbons Embedded with Amorphous Carbon: An Advanced Carbon Nanostructure for Superior Lithium and Sodium Storage

Yang

Zhang

et al. 2018

Small

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Carbon materials have attracted considerable attention as anodes for lithium-ion and sodium-ion batteries due to their low cost and environmental friendliness. This work reports an advanced carbon nanostructure that takes advantage of the chelation effect of glucose and metal ions, which ensures the uniform dispersion of metal in the precursor. Thus, an effective catalytic conversion from sp to sp carbon occurs, enabling simultaneously formation of pores with catalyzed graphitic structures. Due to the low carbonization temperature and short carbonization time as well as the different catalytic degree of various metals, a series of expanded graphitic layers from 0.34 to 0.44 nm with defects and amorphous carbon structure are obtained. The structure not only offers accessible graphitic spacings for reversible lithium/sodium ion insertion, but also provides abundant active sites for lithium/sodium ion adsorption in the defects and amorphous structure. Moreover, the hierarchical interconnected porous structure combining graphitic ribbons is beneficial for fast electronic/ionic transport and favorable electrolyte permeation. More importantly, such advanced carbon materials prove their feasibility for balancing the pore structure and degree of graphitization. When serving as the electrode material for lithium-ion and sodium-ion batteries, excellent electrochemical performance along with fast kinetics and long cycle life is achieved.

show abstract

Expanded biomass-derived hard carbon with ultra-stable performance in sodium-ion batteries

Abstract: We prepared hard carbon in a sheet-like structure as a high-density anode for sodium-ion batteries.

Cited by 214 publications

References 59 publications

Carbonaceous Anodes Derived from Sugarcane Bagasse for Sodium‐Ion Batteries

Carbonaceous Anodes Derived from Sugarcane Bagasse for Sodium‐Ion Batteries

Low‐Temperature Growth of Hard Carbon with Graphite Crystal for Sodium‐Ion Storage with High Initial Coulombic Efficiency: A General Method

Hierarchical Interconnected Expanded Graphitic Ribbons Embedded with Amorphous Carbon: An Advanced Carbon Nanostructure for Superior Lithium and Sodium Storage

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About