Exotic species and estuaries: managing Spartina anglica in Tasmania, Australia

Kriwoken, Lorne K.; Hedge, Paul

doi:10.1016/s0964-5691(00)00047-8

Cited by 64 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Oliver 1925;Ranwell 1967;Scott et al 1990;Chung 2006). On the other hand, the spread of Spartina into areas where oysters grow threatens the economic interests of commercial oyster fisheries (Kriwoken and Hedge 2000).…”

Section: Economic and Societal Threats And Potential Benefitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Invasive alien plants in marine protected areas: the Spartina anglica affair in the European Wadden Sea

Nehring¹,

Hesse²

2008

Biol Invasions

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The common cord-grass Spartina anglica, a fertile hybrid of S. maritima and S. alterniflora, was planted in the European Wadden Sea extensively during the late 1920s and 1930s to promote sediment accretion. After establishment, it colonised as a pioneer plant in the upper tidal zone, where it occurs frequently in coherent swards at the seaward front of saltmarshes and in patches on the tidal flats. Often, a conspicuous, almost monotypic, belt of S. anglica is formed. Over the last two decades, an increase in abundance and accelerated spread of S. anglica was observed, possibly promoted by warmer spring temperatures. This alien species may benefit from global warming, and there is considerable concern about its harmful impacts on the native biocoenoses and native biodiversity of the unique Wadden Sea ecosystem, encompassing effects on hydromorphodynamics and coastal protection. For a definitive assessment, however, an adequate quantification and comparison of documented and potential effects of S. anglica is important, but currently unavailable. Consequently, no management strategy exists for the prevention or restoration of the Wadden Sea ecosystem. Thus, the development of an alien species plan on the level of the Trilateral Cooperation on the Protection of the Wadden Sea is essential.

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Section: Economic and Societal Threats And Potential Benefitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Invasive alien plants in marine protected areas: the Spartina anglica affair in the European Wadden Sea

Nehring¹,

Hesse²

2008

Biol Invasions

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“…S. anglica rapidly colonizes mudflats and was planted for coastal engineering and defense (Ranwell 1967). S. anglica has displaced native Zostera marina on British coasts, Puccinellia maritima on Dutch coasts (Daehler & Strong 1996), and mudflat, seagrass, mangrove, and marsh habitats in southern Australia (Kriwoken & Hedge 2000). Introduced S. anglica has not been as aggressive in Chinese marshes, but S. alterniflora, also non-native to China, outcompetes native P. australis and Scirpus mariqueter (Figure 1 f ).…”

Section: Species Introductions and Invasive Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Centuries of Human-Driven Change in Salt Marsh Ecosystems

Gedan

Silliman

Bertness

2009

Annu. Rev. Mar. Sci.

787

436

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Salt marshes are among the most abundant, fertile, and accessible coastal habitats on earth, and they provide more ecosystem services to coastal populations than any other environment. Since the Middle Ages, humans have manipulated salt marshes at a grand scale, altering species composition, distribution, and ecosystem function. Here, we review historic and contemporary human activities in marsh ecosystems-exploitation of plant products; conversion to farmland, salt works, and urban land; introduction of non-native species; alteration of coastal hydrology; and metal and nutrient pollution. Unexpectedly, diverse types of impacts can have a similar consequence, turning salt marsh food webs upside down, dramatically increasing top down control. Of the various impacts, invasive species, runaway consumer effects, and sea level rise represent the greatest threats to salt marsh ecosystems. We conclude that the best way to protect salt marshes and the services they provide is through the integrated approach of ecosystem-based management.

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“…Such defoliated dunes might become rapidly destabilized, resulting in loss of function as storm buffer, as well as loss of their scenic and recreational values. This is analogous to the problems experienced in managing Ammophila arenaria in northwest America (Wiedmann and Pickart 1996) and Spartina anglica in Tasmania (Kriwoken and Hedge 2000). Similarly, while the negative impacts of the P. australis invasion in North America are well known, this species also has been suggested to possess a number of positive ecosystem functions that should be considered when management decisions are made (Weis and Weis 2003).…”

Section: Effectiveness Of Current Management Strategymentioning

confidence: 64%

When Invasive Species have Benefits as well as Costs: Managing Carex kobomugi (Asiatic sand sedge) in New Jersey’s Coastal Dunes

et al. 2005

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Asiatic sand sedge, Carex kobomugi, was accidentally introduced into North America approximately a century ago and is now widespread along the Northeast coast of the USA. This paper documents the rapid spread rate of this species in two New Jersey coastal parks. Also documented are declines in native plant densities, species richness and diversity in invaded areas. Although C. kobomugi expansion is having negative ecological impacts, the species is a potentially important dune stabilizer, so its control or removal demands special care. A removal program was initiated in 1999, using carefully directed applications of Roundup Ò , which was designed such that it would spare non-target plants, leaving them in place to hold the dunes. We show that this approach reduced, but did not eliminate, C. kobomugi, even after repeated herbicide application. Native plant stem densities, species richness and species diversity in treated and untreated stands were similar, suggesting that this application technique did effectively spare non-target plants. However, effective eradication of C. kobomugi would probably require more frequent and aggressive broadband herbicide application, precluding beneficial effects of localized treatment (both ecological and increased dune stability due to spared plants).

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Exotic species and estuaries: managing Spartina anglica in Tasmania, Australia

Cited by 64 publications

References 9 publications

Invasive alien plants in marine protected areas: the Spartina anglica affair in the European Wadden Sea

Invasive alien plants in marine protected areas: the Spartina anglica affair in the European Wadden Sea

Centuries of Human-Driven Change in Salt Marsh Ecosystems

When Invasive Species have Benefits as well as Costs: Managing Carex kobomugi (Asiatic sand sedge) in New Jersey’s Coastal Dunes

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