“…Numerous studies have tested Darwin's naturalisation hypothesis, but the results are mixed (Diez, Sullivan, Hulme, Edwards, & Duncan, ; Duncan & Williams, ; Feng & van Kleunen, ; Finerty et al, ; Jiang, Tan, & Pu, ; Li, Cadotte, et al, ; Strauss, Webb, & Salamin, ; Yannelli, Koch, Jeschke, & Kollmann, ). Potential explanations are that the studies differ in the spatial and phylogenetic scales considered (Thuiller et al, ) and stages of invasions (Cadotte, Campbell, Li, Sodhi, & Mandrak, ; Li, Guo, et al, ), and are based on observations rather than experiments.…”