Exosomes, the message transporters in vascular calcification

Zhang, Chao; Zhang, Kun; Huang, Feifei; Feng, Weijing; Chen, Jie; Zhang, Huanji; Wang, Jingfeng; Luo, Pei; Huang, Hui

doi:10.1111/jcmm.13692

Cited by 55 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 103 publications

(140 reference statements)

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“…They have a diameter of 30-100 nm, and they are released into the extracellular matrix. Numerous studies have reported that exosomes are usually regarded as mediator of cell to cell communication in physiological and pathological conditions, because of their variety and the abundance of speci c cargos including proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids [6][7][8]. Recently,increasing evidence has shown that exosomes also play an important role in regulating vascular calci cation [9,10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma exosomes derived from patients with end-stage renal disease and renal transplant recipients have different effects on vascular calcification

Lin

Zhu²,

Xing³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background End-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients usually develop extensive and progressive vascular calcification, and lots of calcification inhibitors as well as pro-calcifying factors are involved in the process. However, the mechanisms of vascular calcification in ESRD patients are still ill-defined. Methods The participants in the study were selected at the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, and the plasma exosomes derived from ESRD patients (ESRD-Ex), renal transplant recipients (RTR-Ex), and the normal health control group (Nor-Ex) were isolated by ExoQuick-TC kit. Transmission electron microscopy and molecular size analysis were used to assess the morphology and size of exosomes. Alizarin Red S staining was carried out to detect calcification of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Protein levels of Fetuin-A, matrix gla protein (MGP), Annexin-A2, bone morphogenetic protein (BMP-2), and receptor activator for nuclear factor-κ B ligand (Rankl) were measured by Western Blot analysis and the contents of that were detected using ELISA. Coronary artery calcification scores (CACS) were quantified via Agaston and analysed by Siemens CaScoring software. Results Compared with Nor-Ex, the ESRD-Ex promoted calcification of VSMCs significantly, and RTR-Ex could attenuate VSMCs calcification. Moreover, the protein concentration of ESRD-Ex was significantly higher than Nor-Ex and RTR-Ex, and the content of both MGP and Fetuin-A, the calcification inhibitors, were prominently lower in ESRD-Ex than those in Nor-Ex. The content of Annexin-A2, one of the calcification promoters, was significantly higher in ESRD-Ex and RTR-Ex than that in Nor-Ex. But, BMP-2 and Rankl had no significant difference among the three groups. In addition, the content of Fetuin-A in RTR-Ex was higher than that in ESRD-Ex, though it was still lower than in Nor-Ex. Furthermore, the content of both plasma Fetuin-A and MGP were negatively while that of Annexin-A2 was negatively correlated to CACS. Conclusions These results indicated that ESRD-Ex significantly promoted VSMCs calcification while renal transplantation could partially attenuate the effect of exosomes. Fetuin-A and MGP were decreased but Annexin-A2 was increased in ESRD-Ex, and renal transplantation could increase the level of Fetuin-A rather than MGP.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma exosomes derived from patients with end-stage renal disease and renal transplant recipients have different effects on vascular calcification

Lin

Zhu²,

Xing³

et al. 2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Similarly, several miRNAs have been found to involve in the process of RACVD (147,170,171). For example, via exosomesbased delivery to vascular smooth muscle cells, miR-30, miR-210, and miR-155 play roles in developing vascular calcification, which is one of the end events of RACVD that induces coronary artery stenosis and ischemic heart disease (148). Remarkably, IR-induced miRNAs expression behaves in a dose-and timedepended manner (150,172).…”

Section: Emerging Challenge Of Bench Studies For Early Detecting and mentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging Challenges of Radiation-Associated Cardiovascular Dysfunction (RACVD) in Modern Radiation Oncology: Clinical Practice, Bench Investigation, and Multidisciplinary Care

Lee

Liu

Hung

et al. 2020

Front. Cardiovasc. Med.

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Radiotherapy (RT) is a crucial treatment modality in managing cancer patients. However, irradiation dose sprinkling to tumor-adjacent normal tissues is unavoidable, generating treatment toxicities, such as radiation-associated cardiovascular dysfunction (RACVD), particularly for those patients with combined therapies or pre-existing adverse features/comorbidities. Radiation oncologists implement several efforts to decrease heart dose for reducing the risk of RACVD. Even applying the deep-inspiration breath-hold (DIBH) technique, the risk of RACVD is though reduced but still substantial. Besides, available clinical methods are limited for early detecting and managing RACVD. The present study reviewed emerging challenges of RACVD in modern radiation oncology, in terms of clinical practice, bench investigation, and multidisciplinary care. Several molecules are potential for serving as biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Of these, miRNAs, endogenous small non-coding RNAs that function in regulating gene expression, are of particular interest because low-dose irradiation, i.e., 200 mGy (one-tenth of conventional RT daily dose) induces early changes of pro-RACVD miRNA expression. Moreover, several miRNAs, e.g., miR-15b and miR21, involve in the development of RACVD, further demonstrating the potential bio-application in RACVD. Remarkably, many RACVDs are late RT sequelae, characterizing highly irreversible and progressively worse. Thus, multidisciplinary care from oncologists and cardiologists is crucial. Combined managements with commodities control (such as hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and diabetes), smoking cessation, and close monitoring are recommended. Some agents show abilities for preventing and managing RACVD, such as statins and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs); however, their real roles should be confirmed by further prospective trials.

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“…Exosomes, exploited as gene regulators and information communicators, contributed to many essential physiological and pathophysiological processes including proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, homeostasis, and migration [5,6]. Accordingly, increasing evidence has demonstrated that aging-related biological and functional disorders are associated with alterations in exosomes, suggesting that exosomes are potential regulators for vascular aging [7][8][9][10]. HGF pro-proliferation, pro-migration [23] miR-214 ATM pro-proliferation, anti-senescence, proangiogenesis [24] miR-17 ANGPT1 STAT3…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Roles and Functions of Exosomal Non-coding RNAs in Vascular Aging

Ni¹,

Lin²,

Zhan³

et al. 2020

Aging and disease

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Aging is a progressive loss of physiological integrity and functionality process which increases susceptibility and mortality to diseases. Vascular aging is a specific type of organic aging. The structure and function changes of endothelial cells (ECs) and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are the main cause of vascular aging, which could influence the threshold, process, and severity of vascular related diseases. Accumulating evidences demonstrate that exosomes serve as novel intercellular information communicator between cell to cell by delivering variety biologically active cargos, especially exosomal non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), which are associated with most of aging-related biological and functional disorders. In this review, we will summerize the emerging roles and mechanisms of exosomal ncRNAs in vascular aging and vascular aging related diseases, focusing on the role of exosomal miRNAs and lncRNAs in regulating the functions of ECs and VSMCs. Moreover, the relationship between the ECs and VSMCs linked by exosomes, the potential diagnostic and therapeutic application of exosomes in vascular aging and the clinical evaluation and treatment of vascular aging and vascular aging related diseases will also be discussed.

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Exosomes, the message transporters in vascular calcification

Cited by 55 publications

References 103 publications

Plasma exosomes derived from patients with end-stage renal disease and renal transplant recipients have different effects on vascular calcification

Plasma exosomes derived from patients with end-stage renal disease and renal transplant recipients have different effects on vascular calcification

Emerging Challenges of Radiation-Associated Cardiovascular Dysfunction (RACVD) in Modern Radiation Oncology: Clinical Practice, Bench Investigation, and Multidisciplinary Care

Roles and Functions of Exosomal Non-coding RNAs in Vascular Aging

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