Exosomes: Potential Player in Endothelial Dysfunction in Cardiovascular Disease

Nikdoust, Farahnaz; Pazoki, Mahboubeh; Mohammadtaghizadeh, Mohammadjavad; Aghaali, Mahsa Karimzadeh; Amrovani, Mehran

doi:10.1007/s12012-021-09700-y

Cited by 22 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 142 publications

(91 reference statements)

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“…The information exchange between ECs and SMCs is crucial for vascular structure and function [ 8 , 36 ]. Exosomes mediate cell-to-cell communications via derived biologically active molecules including microRNAs and therefore are likely to participate in endothelial dysfunction in cardiovascular disease [ 37 , 38 ]. To investigate how miR-483 transport between ECs and SMCs, we extracted exosomes in the conditioned medium collected from HUVECs with miR-483 overexpression, which was then used to treat HASMCs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endothelial MicroRNA-483-3p Is Hypertension-Protective

Shang

Guo

Chen

et al. 2022

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

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Hypertension is a high-risk factor for developing coronary heart disease and stroke. Endothelial dysfunction and arterial remodeling can lead to increased vascular wall thickness and arterial stiffness. Previous studies showed that microRNA-483 (miR-483) enhances endothelial cell (EC) function. Here, we investigated the protective role of miR-483 in hypertension. Data collected from two patient cohorts showed that the serum miR-483-3p level was associated with the progression of hypertension and positively correlated with vascular function. In cultured ECs, miR-483 targets a number of endothelial dysfunction-related genes, such as transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), angiotensin-converting enzyme 1 (ACE1), and endothelin-1 (ET-1). Overexpression of miR-483-3p in ECs inhibited Ang II-induced endothelial dysfunction, revealed by the decreased expression of TGF-β, CTGF, ACE1, and ET-1. Furthermore, miR-483-3p secreted from ECs was taken up by smooth muscle cells (SMCs) via the exosome pathway, which also decreased these genes in SMCs. Additionally, telmisartan could increase the aortic and serum levels of miR-483-3p in hypertension patients and spontaneous hypertension rats (SHR). These findings suggest that miR-483-3p exerts a protective effect on EC function during the onset of hypertension and thus may be considered a potential therapeutic target for hypertension-related cardiovascular diseases.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endothelial MicroRNA-483-3p Is Hypertension-Protective

Shang

Guo

Chen

et al. 2022

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

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“…Exosomes play a role in the inflammatory response, oxidative stress, and apoptosis that may be significant in the malfunctioning of endothelial cells and cardiovascular events as illustrated in Figure 3. Endothelial dysfunction, including the disruption of the intercellular linkages and increased cell permeability, may result in cardiovascular disease 98 . SARS‐CoV‐2 particles enter the heart by either circulating blood cells or through ECVs that come from the inflamed lungs and contain the virus together with its ACE2 receptor 99 .…”

Section: Exosomes and Sars‐cov‐2mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Endothelial dysfunction, including the disruption of the intercellular linkages and increased cell permeability, may result in cardiovascular disease. 98 SARS-CoV-2 particles enter the heart by either circulating blood cells or through ECVs that come from the inflamed lungs and contain the virus together with its ACE2 receptor. 99 In addition to the ACE2, cardiomyocytes were detected to express other required receptors for SARS-CoV-2 entrance, such as TMPRSS2, NRP-1, CD147, and integrins (α5β1).…”

Section: Exosomes and Covid-19associated Cardiovascular Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intrinsic factors behind long‐COVID: I. Prevalence of the extracellular vesicles

El-Maradny

Rubio‐Casillas

Uversky

et al. 2023

J of Cellular Biochemistry

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It can be argued that the severity of COVID-19 has decreased in many countries. This could be a result of the broad coverage of the population by vaccination campaigns, which often reached an almost compulsory status in many places. Furthermore, significant roles were played by the multiple mutations in the body of the virus, which led to the emergence of several new SARS-CoV-2 variants with enhanced infectivity but dramatically reduced pathogenicity. However, the challenges associated with the development of various side effects and their persistence for long periods exceeding 20 months as a result of the SARS-CoV-2 infection, or taking available vaccines against it, are spreading horizontally and vertically in number and repercussions. For example, the World Health Organization announced that there are more than 17 million registered cases of long-COVID (also known as post-COVID syndrome) in the European Union countries alone. Furthermore, by using the PubMed search engine, one can find that more than 10 000 articles have been published focusing exclusively on long-COVID. In light of these enormous and ever-increasing numbers of cases and published articles, most of which are descriptive of the various long-COVID symptoms, the need to know the reasons behind this phenomenon raises several important questions. Is long-COVID caused by the continued presence of the virus or one/several of its components in the recovering individual body for long periods of time, which urges the body to respond in a way that leads to long-COVID development? Or are there some latent and limited reasons related to the recovering patients themselves? Or is it a sum of both? Many observations support a positive answer to the first question, whereas others back the second question but typically without releasing a fundamental reason/signal behind it. Whatever the answer is, it seems that the real reasons behind this widespread phenomenon remain unclear. This report opens a series of articles, in which we will try to shed light on the underlying causes that could be behind the long-COVID phenomenon.

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“… 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 The function of exosomes depends on the type of cell origin. 16 They are involved in the immune response, 15 , 17 , 18 , 19 antigen presentation, cell migration, differentiation and angiogenesis, 20 , 21 inflammatory induction, 22 oxidative stress and apoptosis, 23 atherosclerosis, 24 , 25 tumor initiation, progression, invasion and metastasis, and drug resistance. 26 , 27 Given the ability of exosomes to carry and transfer bioactive substances, 28 the potential of exosomes to reveal the pathogenesis of diseases such as cancer, 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 brain diseases, 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 cardiovascular diseases, 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 and metabolic diseases, 45 , 46 , 47 as well as to diagnose and treat diseases as biomarkers are being studied and explored.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exosomes in brain diseases: Pathogenesis and therapeutic targets

Pang

et al. 2023

MedComm

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Exosomes are extracellular vesicles with diameters of about 100 nm that are naturally secreted by cells into body fluids. They are derived from endosomes and are wrapped in lipid membranes. Exosomes are involved in intracellular metabolism and intercellular communication. They contain nucleic acids, proteins, lipids, and metabolites from the cell microenvironment and cytoplasm. The contents of exosomes can reflect their cells’ origin and allow the observation of tissue changes and cell states under disease conditions. Naturally derived exosomes have specific biomolecules that act as the “fingerprint” of the parent cells, and the contents changed under pathological conditions can be used as biomarkers for disease diagnosis. Exosomes have low immunogenicity, are small in size, and can cross the blood–brain barrier. These characteristics make exosomes unique as engineering carriers. They can incorporate therapeutic drugs and achieve targeted drug delivery. Exosomes as carriers for targeted disease therapy are still in their infancy, but exosome engineering provides a new perspective for cell‐free disease therapy. This review discussed exosomes and their relationship with the occurrence and treatment of some neuropsychiatric diseases. In addition, future applications of exosomes in the diagnosis and treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders were evaluated in this review.

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Exosomes: Potential Player in Endothelial Dysfunction in Cardiovascular Disease

Cited by 22 publications

References 142 publications

Endothelial MicroRNA-483-3p Is Hypertension-Protective

Endothelial MicroRNA-483-3p Is Hypertension-Protective

Intrinsic factors behind long‐COVID: I. Prevalence of the extracellular vesicles

Exosomes in brain diseases: Pathogenesis and therapeutic targets

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