Exosomes in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma

Zhou, Yujuan; Xia, Longzheng; Lin, Jingguan; Wang, Heran; Oyang, Linda; Tan, Shiming; Tian, Yutong; Su, Min; Wang, Hui; Cao, Deliang; Liao, Qianjin

doi:10.7150/jca.22505

Cited by 53 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 140 publications

(156 reference statements)

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“…Thus, exosomes are important carriers for information exchange between cells. 9 circRNAs are often enriched in exosomes and have high stability and tissue specificity. 21 Therefore, circRNAs contained in exosomes may become a special marker for diagnosis and treatment of NPC.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diagnostic value of exosomal circMYC in radioresistant nasopharyngeal carcinoma

Luo

Liu

et al. 2020

Head & Neck

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Background: The relationship between circulating exosomal circular RNA (circRNA) and prognosis of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) remain unknown. This study focused on the expression of exosomal circMYC and its relationship with the recurrence and prognosis of patients with NPC. Methods: The circulating exosomes were obtained from 210 patients with NPC. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction, 5-ethynyl-2 0-deoxyuridine (EdU) staining, colony formation, and bioinformatic analysis were performed. Results: Circulating exosomal circMYC was significantly increased in patients with NPC and was associated with tumor size, lymph node metastasis, TNM stage, survival rate, and disease recurrence. Gain-functional and lossfunctional experiments revealed that overexpression of circMYC promoted cell proliferation and reduce radiosensitivity, while knockdown of circMYC inhibited cell proliferation and enhanced radiotherapy. Conclusion: circMYC is an oncogene in NPC cells and can enhance the radiotherapy resistance of NPC cells. Circulating exosomal circMYC can be used as a potential therapeutic target for NPC.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Clinically, the disease can be diagnosed and monitored by detecting changes in exosomes-related molecules in body fluids such as serum, urine, and saliva. 9 The tumor-derived exosomes provide a new strategy for the diagnosis and treatment of tumors. 10 Tumor exosomes can be continuously detected in the plasma of patients with NPC.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostic value of exosomal circMYC in radioresistant nasopharyngeal carcinoma

Luo

Liu

et al. 2020

Head & Neck

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“…Exosomes are 30-100 nm in diameter, composed of proteins, RNA, and DNA [89], and are secreted by extracellular vesicles and released by exocytosis [90]. Exosomal noncoding RNAs have been found in the blood, urine, breast milk, saliva, and various tissues [91]. There is increasing evidence indicating that exosomal RNAs are present in various cancers and they enhance cancer progression, invasion, metastasis and tumorigenesis [92].…”

Section: Emt and Exosomal Lncrna In Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Long non-coding RNAs regulate drug resistance in cancer

et al. 2020

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Chemoresistance, whether intrinsic or acquired, is a major obstacle in the treatment of cancer. The resistance of cancer cells to chemotherapeutic drugs can result from various mechanisms. Over the last decade, it has been reported that 1ong noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) can mediate carcinogenesis and drug resistance/sensitivity in cancer cells. This article reviews, in detail, recent studies regarding the roles of lncRNAs in mediating drug resistance.

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“…Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small cell-derived membranous structures, serving as conduits for exchange of significant information between cells [1,2]. The components of EVs ( Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of extracellular vesicles in tumour microenvironment

Tao

Guo

2020

Cell Commun Signal

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In recent years, it has been demonstrated that extracellular vesicles (EVs) can be released by almost all cell types, and detected in most body fluids. In the tumour microenvironment (TME), EVs serve as a transport medium for lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. EVs participate in various steps involved in the development and progression of malignant tumours by initiating or suppressing various signalling pathways in recipient cells. Although tumour-derived EVs (T-EVs) are known for orchestrating tumour progression via systemic pathways, EVs from non-malignant cells (nmEVs) also contribute substantially to malignant tumour development. Tumour cells and non-malignant cells typically communicate with each other, both determining the progress of the disease. In this review, we summarise the features of both T-EVs and nmEVs, tumour progression, metastasis, and EV-mediated chemoresistance in the TME. The physiological and pathological effects involved include but are not limited to angiogenesis, epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), extracellular matrix (ECM) remodelling, and immune escape. We discuss potential future directions of the clinical application of EVs, including diagnosis (as non-invasive biomarkers via liquid biopsy) and therapeutic treatment. This may include disrupting EV biogenesis and function, thus utilising the features of EVs to repurpose them as a therapeutic tool in immunotherapy and drug delivery systems. We also discuss the overall findings of current studies, identify some outstanding issues requiring resolution, and propose some potential directions for future research.

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Exosomes in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma

Cited by 53 publications

References 140 publications

Diagnostic value of exosomal circMYC in radioresistant nasopharyngeal carcinoma

Diagnostic value of exosomal circMYC in radioresistant nasopharyngeal carcinoma

Long non-coding RNAs regulate drug resistance in cancer

Role of extracellular vesicles in tumour microenvironment

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