Exosomes in Angiogenesis and Anti-angiogenic Therapy in Cancers

Olejarz, Wioletta; Kubiak-Tomaszewska, Grażyna; Chrzanowska, Alicja; Lorenc, Tomasz

doi:10.3390/ijms21165840

Cited by 174 publications

(128 citation statements)

References 209 publications

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“…Extensive evidence has confirmed that MSC-EXs play a key role in angiogenesis, tumor growth, and metastasis (inva-sion [27]. In the tumor microenvironment, MSC-EXs can enhance intracellular communication and promote angiogenesis [28]. The mechanism for promoting angiogenesis could be enhancing the tube-forming ability of endothelial cells (ECs) via exosomes.…”

Section: Direct and Indirect Effects Of Msc-exs On Tumorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Roles of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes in Cancer Development and Targeted Therapy

Sun

Zhang

et al. 2021

Stem Cells International

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Exosomes have emerged as a new drug delivery system. In particular, exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been extensively studied because of their tumor-homing ability and yield advantages. Considering that MSC-derived exosomes are a double-edged sword in the development, metastasis, and invasion of tumors, engineered exosomes have broad potential use. In this review, we focused on the latest development in the treatment of tumors using engineered and nonengineered MSC-derived exosomes (MSC-EXs). Nonengineered MSC-EXs exert an antitumor effect on several well-studied tumors by affecting tumor growth, angiogenesis, metastasis, and invasion. Furthermore, engineered exosomes have promising research prospects as drug-carrying tools for the transport of miRNAs, small-molecule drugs, and proteins. Although exosomes lack uniform standards in terms of definition, separation, and purification, they still have great research value because of their unique advantages, such as high biocompatibility and low toxicity. Future studies on MSC-EXs should elucidate the mechanisms underlying their anticancer effect and the safety of their application.

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Section: Direct and Indirect Effects Of Msc-exs On Tumorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Roles of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes in Cancer Development and Targeted Therapy

Sun

Zhang

et al. 2021

Stem Cells International

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“…It was shown, that tumor-derived exosomes (TEX) are responsible for cancer development, metastasis, and progression by suppression of immune cells [ 27 ]. They are involved in angiogenesis in cancer progression by transporting pro-angiogenic biomolecules [ 28 ]. Exosomes have potential clinical applications as biomarkers and drug carriers in anticancer therapy [ 29 , 30 ] and provide strong potential for imaging of cancer cells [ 9 ].…”

Section: Structure and Function Of Exosomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Perspectives on Clinical Use of Exosomes as a Personalized Contrast Media and Theranostics

Lorenc

Chrzanowski

Olejarz

2020

Cancers

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An appropriate combination of biomarkers and imaging technologies will become standard practice in the future. Because the incidence of and mortality from cancers is rising, the further study of new approaches for the early detection and precise characterization of tumors is essential. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes, prove to have great potential when it comes to diagnosis and targeted therapy. Due to their natural ability to pass through biological barriers, depending on their origin, EVs can accumulate at defined sites, including tumors, preferentially. This manuscript discusses the difficulties and simplicities of processing cell-derived materials, packaging diverse groups of agents in EVs, and activating the biological complex. Developing exosome-based diagnostic techniques to detect disease precisely and early as well as treat disease marks a new era of personalized radiology and nuclear medicine. As circulating drug delivery vehicles for novel therapeutic modalities, EVs offer a new platform for cancer theranostic.

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“…Different studies demonstrate that TEX are involved in inducing or promoting the process of new blood vessel formation during all stages of tumor development [12,27,48]. The analysis of TEX showed that cargo components also include factors that are essential for angiogenic pathways.…”

Section: Glioblastoma Progressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Roles of Tumor Cell- and Stroma Cell-Derived Small Extracellular Vesicles in Promoting a Pro-Angiogenic Tumor Microenvironment

Ludwig

Rubenich

Zaręba

et al. 2020

Cancers

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Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are produced and released by all cells and are present in all body fluids. They exist in a variety of sizes, however, small extracellular vesicles (sEVs), the EV subset with a size range from 30 to 150 nm, are of current interest. They are characterized by a distinct biogenesis and complex cargo composition, which reflects the cytosolic contents and cell-surface molecules of the parent cells. This cargo consists of proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids and is competent in inducing signaling cascades in recipient cells after surface interactions or in initiating the generation of a functional protein by delivering nucleic acids. Based on these characteristics, sEVs are now considered as important mediators of intercellular communication. One hallmark of sEVs is the promotion of angiogenesis. It was shown that sEVs interact with endothelial cells (ECs) and promote an angiogenic phenotype, ultimately leading to increased vascularization of solid tumors and disease progression. It was also shown that sEVs reprogram cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and act in a functionally cooperative fashion to promote angiogenesis by a paracrine mechanism involving the differential expression and secretion of angiogenic factors from other cell types. In this review, we will focus on the distinct functions of tumor-cell-derived sEVs (TEX) in promotion of angiogenesis and describe their potential as a therapeutic target for anti-angiogenic therapies. Also, we will focus on non-cancer stroma-cell-derived small extracellular vesicles and their potential role in stimulating a pro-angiogenic TME.

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Exosomes in Angiogenesis and Anti-angiogenic Therapy in Cancers

Cited by 174 publications

References 209 publications

Roles of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes in Cancer Development and Targeted Therapy

Roles of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes in Cancer Development and Targeted Therapy

Current Perspectives on Clinical Use of Exosomes as a Personalized Contrast Media and Theranostics

Potential Roles of Tumor Cell- and Stroma Cell-Derived Small Extracellular Vesicles in Promoting a Pro-Angiogenic Tumor Microenvironment

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