Exosomes From Adipose-Derived Stem Cells: The Emerging Roles and Applications in Tissue Regeneration of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery

Xiong, Mingchen; Zhang, Qi; Hu, Weijie; Zhao, Chongru; Lv, Wenchang; Yi, Yi; Wu, Yiping; Wu, Min

doi:10.3389/fcell.2020.574223

Cited by 64 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 116 publications

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“…It has been shown that the MMSC extract from the human umbilical cord suppresses the T-cell response and NF-κB-dependent activation of transcription in keratinocytes, thereby reducing inflammation in atopic dermatitis [29]. As therapy for skin diseases, MMSCs exosomes of adipose tissue are also studied [30,31]. They reduce the expression of proinflammatory cytokines.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Multipotent Mesenchymal Stem Cell Secretome in the Treatment of Adjuvant Arthritis and Contact-Allergic Dermatitis in Animal Models

Голубинская

Sarycheva

Должиков

et al. 2021

Farm. farmakol. (Pâtigorsk)

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The therapeutic effect of multipotent mesenchymal stem cells has been proven on various disease models. One of the mechanisms is the paracrine effect of the cells on the surrounding tissues.The aim. To investigate the secretome effectiveness of the multipotent mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of adjuvant arthritis and contact-allergic dermatitis in Wistar rats.Materials and methods. Adjuvant arthritis was simulated in 26 female rats by the administration of Freund's complete adjuvant and then treated with the administration of 100 µl of multipotent mesenchymal stem cell secretome or saline. Contact-allergic dermatitis was modeled on 30 female rats by applying 200 μl of an oil solution of dinitrofluorobenzene to the skin on days 1, 5 and 6. Then the rats were treated with fluocinolone ointment (a positive control), baby cream (a negative control), baby cream with a secretome of native multipotent mesenchymal stem cells or from the cells processed with dexamethasone.Results. Judging by the indicators of the longitudinal and transverse dimensions of the paws in rats and a histological examination, the secretome did not have any anti-inflammatory effect on adjuvant arthritis. A cream with a secret from multipotent mesenchymal stem cells processed with dexamethasone, was the most effective on the model of contact-allergic dermatitis: the clinical improvement occurred on the 2nd day. The secretome from native multipotent mesenchymal stem cells and fluocinolone had a therapeutic effect on the 3rd day of application, the negative control - on the 4th day. The lymphocytic infiltration coefficient was significantly lower (p <0.05) in all the cases compared to the negative control (2.8 ± 0.1). However, the lowest infiltration was observed when the cream with secretome from native (1.75 ± 0,1) and dexamethasone-stimulated (1.76 ± 0.1) multipotent mesenchymal stem cells was being used.Conclusion. The cream with the secretome of multipotent mesenchymal stem cells suppresses lymphocytic infiltration more strongly than the highly active topical glucocorticosteroid - fluocinolone - on the model of contact-allergic dermatitis, which is a classic local delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction. However, a further study of the therapeutic effect of the secretome on models of systemic inflammatory diseases is required after its preliminary purification from large-molecular proteins.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Multipotent Mesenchymal Stem Cell Secretome in the Treatment of Adjuvant Arthritis and Contact-Allergic Dermatitis in Animal Models

Голубинская

Sarycheva

Должиков

et al. 2021

Farm. farmakol. (Pâtigorsk)

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“…AD-MSCs are the main cell population that contributes to regeneration of adipocytes in all types of adipose tissue remodeling/expansion, such as developmental growth, hyperplasia in obesity, and repair processes after injury/ischemia [ 29 , 30 ]. A substantial amount of evidence supports the therapeutic use of AD-MSCs to improve long-term graft retention [ 31 ]. The overall volume of a fat graft reportedly depends on the degree of survival in the regenerating zone, which contains AD-MSCs with the potential to differentiate and replace adipocytes lost in the necrotic zone [ 9 , 32 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Senescence of donor cells impairs fat graft regeneration by suppressing adipogenesis and increasing expression of senescence-associated secretory phenotype factors

et al. 2021

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Background Fat grafting has been regarded as a promising approach for regenerative therapy. Given the rapidly aging population, better understanding of the effect of age on fat graft outcomes and the underlying mechanisms is urgently needed. Methods C57/BL6 mice [old (O, 18–20-month-old) and young (Y, 4-month-old)] were randomized to four fat graft groups [old-to-old (O-O), young-to-young (Y-Y), old-to-young (O-Y), and young-to-old (Y-O)]. Detailed cellular events before and after grafting were investigated by histological staining, RNA sequencing, and real-time polymerase chain reaction. The adipogenic differentiation potential of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSCs) from old or young donors was investigated in vitro. Additionally, adipogenesis of AD-MSCs derived from old recipients was evaluated in the culture supernatant of old or young donor fat tissue. Results After 12 weeks, the volume of fat grafts did not significantly differ between the O-O and O-Y groups or between the Y-Y and Y-O groups, but was significantly smaller in the O-O group than in the Y-O group and in the O-Y group than in the Y-Y group. Compared with fat tissue from young mice, senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) factors were upregulated in fat tissue from old mice. Compared with the Y-O group, adipogenesis markers were downregulated in the O-O group, while SASP factors including interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, and IL-1β were upregulated. In vitro, AD-MSCs from old donors showed impaired adipogenesis compared with AD-MSCs from young donors. Additionally, compared with the culture supernatant of young donor fat tissue, the culture supernatant of old donor fat tissue significantly decreased adipogenesis of AD-MSCs derived from old recipients, which might be attributable to increased levels of SASP factors. Conclusions Age has detrimental effects on fat graft outcomes by suppressing adipogenesis of AD-MSCs and upregulating expression of SASP factors, and fat graft outcomes are more dependent on donor age than on recipient age. Thus, rejuvenating fat grafts from old donors or banking younger adipose tissue for later use may be potential approaches to improve fat graft outcomes in older adults.

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“…Exosomes contain cytoskeleton, heat shock, and transmembrane proteins, enzymes, lipids, and DNA [102]. Moreover, they carry coding (mRNA) and non-coding RNA (e.g., rRNA, miRNA) in various subtypes but with a strong emphasis on short non-coding RNA [109,110]. Non-coding RNAs are RNA molecules that cannot be translated into a protein and the functions of many have not been understood yet, however, carried by exosomes play a role in cellular mediated communication [110].…”

Section: Extracellular Vesicles Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The exosomal content is not random and is controlled by posttranslational modifications and specific endogenous target sequences at the stage of exosome formation, most importantly, miRNAs are the most preferred exosome loaded RNAs [116]. Nevertheless, due to the improvement in the exosome efficiency in therapy, their function can also be boosted by the engineering content modifications through genetic and chemical methods and may be used as an ideal drug delivery agent [109,117].…”

Section: Control Of the Secretion Of Extracellular Vesiclesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Secretome and Its Potential Application in “Stem Cell-Free Therapy”

Trzyna

Banaś-Ząbczyk

2021

Biomolecules

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Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) secrete many cytokines, proteins, growth factors, and extracellular vesicles with beneficial outcomes that can be used in regenerative medicine. It has great potential, and the development of new treatment strategies using the ASCs secretome is of global interest. Besides cytokines, proteins, and growth factors, the therapeutic effect of secretome is hidden in non-coding RNAs such as miR-21, miR-24, and miR-26 carried via exosomes secreted by adequate cells. The whole secretome, including ASC-derived exosomes (ASC-exos) has been proven in many studies to have immunomodulatory, proangiogenic, neurotrophic, and epithelization activity and can potentially be used for neurodegenerative, cardiovascular, respiratory, inflammatory, and autoimmune diseases as well as wound healing treatment. Due to limitations in the use of stem cells in cell-based therapy, its secretome with emphasis on exosomes seems to be a reasonable and safer alternative with increased effectiveness and fewer side effects. Moreover, the great advantage of cell-free therapy is the possibility of biobanking the ASCs secretome. In this review, we focus on the current state of knowledge on the use of the ASCs secretome in stem cell-free therapy.

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Exosomes From Adipose-Derived Stem Cells: The Emerging Roles and Applications in Tissue Regeneration of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery

Cited by 64 publications

References 116 publications

Application of Multipotent Mesenchymal Stem Cell Secretome in the Treatment of Adjuvant Arthritis and Contact-Allergic Dermatitis in Animal Models

Application of Multipotent Mesenchymal Stem Cell Secretome in the Treatment of Adjuvant Arthritis and Contact-Allergic Dermatitis in Animal Models

Senescence of donor cells impairs fat graft regeneration by suppressing adipogenesis and increasing expression of senescence-associated secretory phenotype factors

Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Secretome and Its Potential Application in “Stem Cell-Free Therapy”

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