Exosomes Derived from Dental Pulp Stem Cells Show Different Angiogenic and Osteogenic Properties in Relation to the Age of the Donor

Abstract

Craniofacial tissue reconstruction still represents a challenge in regenerative medicine. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-based tissue engineering strategies have been introduced to enhance bone tissue repair. However, the risk of related complications is limiting their usage. To overcome these drawbacks, exosomes (EXOs) derived from MSCs have been recently proposed as a cell-free alternative to MSCs to direct tissue regeneration. It was hypothesized that there is a correlation between the biological properties of exosomes derived from the dental pulp and the age of the donor. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of EXOs derived from dental pulp stem cells of permanent teeth (old donor group) or exfoliated deciduous teeth (young donor group) on MSCs cultured in vitro. Proliferation potential was evaluated by doubling time, and commitment ability by gene expression and biochemical quantification for tissue-specific factors. Results showed a well-defined proliferative influence for the younger donor aged group. Similarly, a higher commitment ability was detected in the young group. In conclusion, EXOs could be employed to promote bone regeneration, likely playing an important role in neo-angiogenesis in early healing phases.

Three-Dimensional-Cultured MSC-Derived Exosome-Hydrogel Hybrid Microneedle Array Patch for Spinal Cord Repair

“…Therefore, prompt treatment and effective rehabilitation strategy are of great significance to reduce the heavy social burdens . The key barrier in SCI treatment is the hostile microenvironment which includes neuronal loss, oxidation stress, inflammation, and glial scar deposition. , It was reported that exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSC-Exo) exhibited great potential in treating SCI and other diseases through regulating the inhibitory microenvironment. − However, the conventional methods for harvesting therapeutic exosomes are mainly based on two-dimensional (2D) culture technology where mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) adhere on substrate as a monolayer. Unfortunately, 2D culture mode cannot mimic the exact physilogical conditions of MSCs niche and this severely limits the therapeutic potency of exosomes in clinical application .…”

The Role and underlying mechanism of dental pulp stem cell-derived exosomal miR-31 in the treatment of osteoarthritis by targeting mTOR to enhance chondrocyte autophagy levels

“…Moreover, the previously conducted studies detected the following contents [33,34], macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF), monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), interleukin 1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra), and stromal cell-derived factor 1-alpha (SDF-1a), in addition to the angiogenic factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), and basic fibroblast growth factor (b-FGF). Furthermore, the detected miRNAs in the DPSCs derived exosomes were miR-22, miR-27a, miR-30b-5p, miR-324-5p, miR-130a-3p, miR-34a-5p, miR-378f, miR-513b-5p, miR-193a-5p, miR-5100, miR-4792, miR-652-3p miR-505-3p, miR-27a-5p miR-629-5p, miR-1260b, miR-140-3p,…”

Playing with Biophysics: How a Symphony of Different Electromagnetic Fields Acts to Reduce the Inflammation in Diabetic Derived Cells

“…In literature, it is reported that the exposure to a magnetic field is able to favor the anti-inflammatory molecular pathways and can also decrease the production of the ROS [ 14 ] in many cellular models. It is well accepted that the devices committed to producing magnetic fields (EMF) are able to affect numerous biological processes, including wound and bone healing, inflammation, osteoarthritis, post-operative edema, chronic/neuropathy pain and tissue repair [ 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 ]. To ensure safe exposures, exposure guidelines have been regularly developed and revised based on the available scientific knowledge such as the “exposure guidelines” that are published by the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP).…”