Exosomes: Another intercellular lipometabolic communication mediators in digestive system neoplasms?

Identification of potential glioma drug resistance target proteins based on ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry differential proteomics

“…Neoplasm remains the main killer worldwide ( Li et al, 2023 ; Li et al, 2018 ; Ma et al, 2016 ; Sun et al, 2021 ; Wu et al, 2018 ; Wu et al, 2017 ; Yang et al, 2019b ; Zhang et al, 2023 ). TMZ is the preferred alkylating agent for the treatment of GBM, and it induces cell death through DNA damage.…”

Function and mechanism of exosomes derived from different cells as communication mediators in colorectal cancer metastasis

“…They consist of various membrane-associated higher-order oligomeric protein complexes, nucleic acids, lipids, ECM components, transcription factors, intracellular and extracellular receptors, enzymes as well as other protein complexes. 23 , 24 The biogenesis and release of exosomes constitute a series of intricate, multi-step processes. Intracellular endosomes undergo continuous invagination of the plasma membrane, leading to the formation of multivesicular bodies.…”

“…These exosomes exhibit stability in diverse bodily fluids such as blood, urine, saliva, tears and cerebrospinal fluid. 24 , 26 In the humoral milieu, exosomes exist as distinct subpopulations characterized by variations in size, morphology, composition, and biogenesis mechanisms. Primarily functioning as intercellular communicators, exosomes facilitate the exchange of molecular cargo between cells, thereby modulating the biological attributes of recipient cells.…”

“… 27 The intercellular communication by exosomes can be summarized as follows: (1) Exosomal membrane proteins directly engage recipient cells, initiating intracellular signaling cascades; (2) Their cargo to recipient cells through fusion with the cellular membrane; (3) Recipient cells internalize exosomes and release their signaling molecules following lysosomal degradation. 24 Furthermore, mediators facilitating interactions between exosomes and recipient cells have been identified, encompassing tetraspanins (i.e., CD81), integrins, lipids, lectins, heparan sulfate proteoglycans, and ECM constituents. The interplay between integrins and ECM proteins (primarily fibronectin and laminin) has demonstrated its indispensable role in the binding of exosomes to recipient cells.…”

Effects of 3021 meal replacement powder protect NAFLD via suppressing the ERS, oxidative stress and inflammatory responses

“…Obesity has emerged as a major public health concern with the improvement in living standards and changes in lifestyle ( Mayer et al, 2009 ; Hu et al, 2018 ; Li et al, 2023 ). As a chronic metabolic disease caused by bad dietary habits and a sedentary lifestyle, obesity can also increase the risk of hyperlipidemia ( Tóth et al, 2021 ), type 2 diabetes mellitus ( Yang et al, 2021 ) and cardio-cerebrovascular diseases ( Dos Santos et al, 2021 ), all of which fundamentally result from lipid metabolic imbalance in the liver.…”