Exosome Processing and Characterization Approaches for Research and Technology Development

Lai, James J.; Chau, Zoe L.; Chen, Sheng‐You; Hill, John J.; Korpany, Katalin V.; Liang, Nai‐Wen; Lin, Li‐Han; Lin, Yi‐Hsuan; Liu, Joanne K.; Liu, Yu‐Chung; Lunde, Ruby; Shen, Wei‐Ting

doi:10.1002/advs.202103222

Cited by 163 publications

(173 citation statements)

References 370 publications

(534 reference statements)

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“…This LOD is comparable to that reported by CE-LIF with the EVs stained by membrane-bound dyes . CE is not as sensitive as NTA and ELISA, , two common techniques used for EV quantification; however, ELISA is time-consuming and NTA can quantify only highly purified EVs. , CE also provides the benefit of low sample consumption and good reproducibility. Overall, our results well support the possibility of using CE to quantify the EVs eluted by AF4 in the following study.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 60%

Offline Coupling of Asymmetrical Flow Field-Flow Fractionation and Capillary Electrophoresis for Separation of Extracellular Vesicles

Gao

Hutchins

et al. 2022

Anal. Chem.

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Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play important roles in cell-to-cell communications and carry high potential as markers targeted in disease diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic development. The main obstacles to EV study are their high heterogeneity; low amounts present in samples; and physical similarity to the abundant, interfering matrix components. Multiple rounds of separation and purification are often needed prior to EV characterization and function assessment. Herein, we report the offline coupling of asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation (AF4) and capillary electrophoresis (CE) for EV analysis. While AF4 provides gentle and fast EV separation by size, CE resolves EVs from contaminants with similar sizes but different surface charges. Employing Western Blotting, ELISA, and SEM, we confirmed that intact EVs were eluted within a stable time window under the optimal AF4 and CE conditions. We also proved that EVs could be resolved from free proteins and high-density lipoproteins by AF4 and be further separated from the low-density lipoproteins co-eluted in AF4. The effectiveness of the coupled AF4-CE system in EV analysis was demonstrated by monitoring the changes in EV secretion from cells and by direct injection of human serum and detection of serum EVs. We believe that coupling AF4 and CE can provide rapid EV quantification in biological samples with much reduced matrix interference and be valuable for the study of total EVs and EV subpopulations produced by cells or present in clinical samples.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 60%

Offline Coupling of Asymmetrical Flow Field-Flow Fractionation and Capillary Electrophoresis for Separation of Extracellular Vesicles

Gao

Hutchins

et al. 2022

Anal. Chem.

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“…MSCs derived sEVs are potential in biotechnology and biomedical research to develop as disease biomarkers as well as therapeutic agents [47]. The up-to-date studies also demonstrated that MSCs' sEVs is a promising therapeutic strategy for chronic pain.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Human PMSCs-derived small extracellular vesicles alleviate neuropathic pain through miR-26a-5p/Wnt5a in SNI mice model

Zhang

Zeng

et al. 2022

J Neuroinflammation

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Background Mesenchymal stem cell (MSCs)-derived small Extracellular Vesicles (sEVs) are considered as a new cell-free therapy for pain caused by nerve injury, but whether human placental mesenchymal stem cell-derived sEVs relieve pain in sciatic nerve injury and its possible mechanism are still unclear. In this study, we investigated the roles of hPMSCs-derived sEVs and related mechanisms in neuropathic pain. Methods The spared nerve injury (SNI) mouse model was employed. Intrathecal injection of sEVs or miR-26a-5p agomir was performed on the seventh day of modeling, to study its anti-nociceptive effect. sEVs’ miRNA sequencing (miRNA-Seq) and bioinformatics analysis were performed to study the downstream mechanisms of miRNAs. RT-qPCR, protein assay and immunofluorescence were used for further validation. Results A single intrathecal injection of sEVs durably reversed mechanical hypersensitivity in the left hind paw of mice with partial sciatic nerve ligation. Immunofluorescence studies found that PKH26-labeled sEVs were visible in neurons and microglia in the dorsal horn of the ipsilateral L4/5 spinal cord and more enriched in the ipsilateral. According to miRNA-seq results, we found that intrathecal injection of miR-26a-5p agomir, the second high counts microRNA in hPMSCs derived sEVs, significantly suppressed neuropathic pain and neuroinflammation in SNI mice. Bioinformatics analysis and dual-luciferase reporter gene analysis identified Wnt5a as a direct downstream target gene of miR-26a-5p. The results showed that overexpression of miR-26a-5p in vivo could significantly reduce the expression level of Wnt5a. In addition, Foxy5, a mimetic peptide of Wnt5a, can significantly reverse the inhibitory effect of miR-26a-5p on neuroinflammation and neuropathic pain, and at the same time, miR-26a-5p can rescue the effect of Foxy5 by overexpression. Conclusions We reported that hPMSCs derived sEVs as a promising therapy for nerve injury induced neuropathic pain. In addition, we showed that the miR-26a-5p in the sEVs regulated Wnt5a/Ryk/CaMKII/NFAT partly take part in the analgesia through anti-neuroinflammation, which suggests an alleviating pain effect through non-canonical Wnt signaling pathway in neuropathic pain model in vivo.

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“…The characterization methods for PDNVs follow established methods for mammalian EVs and are described in other reviews in detail [ 47 , 48 ]. Table 1 shows a concise list of frequently used methods for PDNVs.…”

Section: Isolation and Characterization Methods Of Pdnvsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emergence of Edible Plant-Derived Nanovesicles as Functional Food Components and Nanocarriers for Therapeutics Delivery: Potentials in Human Health and Disease

Kim

2022

Cells

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Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a highly heterogeneous population of membranous particles that are secreted by almost all types of cells across different domains of life, including plants. In recent years, studies on plant-derived nanovesicles (PDNVs) showed that they could modulate metabolic reactions of the recipient cells, affecting (patho)physiology with health benefits in a trans-kingdom manner. In addition to its bioactivity, PDNV has advantages over conventional nanocarriers, making its application promising for therapeutics delivery. Here, we discuss the characteristics of PDNV and highlight up-to-date pre-clinical and clinical evidence, focusing on therapeutic application.

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Exosome Processing and Characterization Approaches for Research and Technology Development

Cited by 163 publications

References 370 publications

Offline Coupling of Asymmetrical Flow Field-Flow Fractionation and Capillary Electrophoresis for Separation of Extracellular Vesicles

Offline Coupling of Asymmetrical Flow Field-Flow Fractionation and Capillary Electrophoresis for Separation of Extracellular Vesicles

Human PMSCs-derived small extracellular vesicles alleviate neuropathic pain through miR-26a-5p/Wnt5a in SNI mice model

Emergence of Edible Plant-Derived Nanovesicles as Functional Food Components and Nanocarriers for Therapeutics Delivery: Potentials in Human Health and Disease

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