Exosome-based drug delivery systems in cancer therapy

Engineered exosomes for tissue regeneration: from biouptake, functionalization and biosafety to applications

“…118 However, unmodified exosomes are less efficient in encapsulating large nucleic acids 78,119 and may even elicit effective antigen-specific antitumor immune responses. [120][121][122] Consequently, engineering exosomes for use as drug carriers is now a research hotspot. 123…”

“…The M2 macrophage-derived exosomes can promote osteogenesis and reduce adipogenesis via the miR-690/IRS-1/TAZ axis. 177 Normal cells are more stable and have no inflammatory response, 121…”

Fluorescence labeling of extracellular vesicles for diverse bio-applicationsin vitroandin vivo

“…This inherent property makes biofluid derived EVs promising biomarkers for disease diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment monitoring at various disease stages. [10][11][12] In comparison with floating biomarkers such as proteins, nucleic acids and metabolites, EVs have superior properties as a non-invasive liquid-biopsy candidate due to their non-invasive properties, abundant molecular information and capability of penetrating various biological barriers. 13,14 Recently, increasing research interest has been put on EV biomarker discovery and subsequent cancer diagnostics.…”

Biological Hyperthermia-Inducing Nanoparticles for Specific Remodeling of the Extracellular Matrix Microenvironment Enhance Pro-Apoptotic Therapy in Fibrosis

“…Based on the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect in fibrotic foci, a hybrid nanoparticle containing fibroblast-derived exosomes and liposomes (ELs), possessing both the biomimetic properties (homologous targeting) of exosomes and the drug-loading capabilities of liposomes, is described in the present study. ELs have the advantages of reduced accumulation in nonfibrotic tissues, prolonged circulatory times, and increased accumulation and penetration of pulmonary fibrotic tissue. , Moreover, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9, a substance mainly secreted and released by activated fibroblasts (myofibroblasts) and macrophages, is involved in the pathological progression of fibrosis within the ECM. , GPQGIAGQR­(GPO) 4 GG (GPQ) is a triple-helical peptide with an MMP-9-cleaved bond, and its modified liposomes possess MMP-9-responsive lipid bilayer disrupting and cargo-releasing properties . Therefore, GPQ-modified EL (GPQ-EL) may result in fibrosis-specific delivery able to release DNP into the ECM, thus reducing adverse effects.…”

“…ELs have the advantages of reduced accumulation in nonfibrotic tissues, prolonged circulatory times, and increased accumulation and penetration of pulmonary fibrotic tissue. 23,24 Moreover, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9, a substance mainly secreted and released by activated fibroblasts (myofibroblasts) and macrophages, is involved in the pathological progression of fibrosis within the ECM. 25,26 GPQGIAGQR(GPO) 4 GG (GPQ) is a triple-helical peptide with an MMP-9-cleaved bond, and its modified liposomes possess MMP-9-responsive lipid bilayer disrupting and cargo-releasing properties.…”