Exosomal ncRNAs: Novel therapeutic target and biomarker for diabetic complications

Xu, Yuxin; Pu, Sheng-Dan; Li, Xin; Yu, Zi-Wei; Zhang, Yitong; Tong, Xue-Wei; Shan, Yongyan; Gao, Xinyuan

doi:10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106135

Cited by 60 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 100 publications

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“…The role of exosomes as agents for drug delivery in metabolic diseases is worth investigating [ 108 ]. However, major studies are focused on the complications of metabolic diseases, such as the diabetic skin complications discussed above [ 109 , 110 ]. At the same time, engineered exosomes also have broad potential in the treatment of obesity.…”

Section: Other Systemic Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Therapeutic Potential and Clinical Significance of Exosomes as Carriers of Drug Delivery System

Hân

et al. 2022

Pharmaceutics

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Drug delivery system (DDS) realizes the drug delivery process through the drug carrier. As an important part of DDS, the selection of the drug carrier material is extremely critical, which requires the carrier material to possess excellent biocompatibility and targeting and not affect the pharmacological action of the drug. As one of the endogenous extracellular vesicles, exosomes are 30–100 nm in diameter, which are considered a new generation of a natural nanoscale delivery system. Exosomes secreted by different types of cells carry signaling molecules (such as proteins and nucleic acid) playing an important role in cell behaviors. Owing to their ability to specialize in intercellular communication, exosomes provide a distinctive method to deliver therapeutic drugs to target cells. In this concept, exosomes as the natural liposomes carry endogenous biomolecules, have excellent biocompatibility, and could be loaded with cargo both in vivo and in vitro. In addition, modifications by genetic and/or chemical engineering to part of the exosome surface or complement the desired natural effect may enhance the targeting with drug loading capability. Notably, exosomes weakly react with serum proteins prolonging cargo half-life. Overall, exosomes as natural carriers integrate the superiority of synthetic nanocarriers and cellular communication while precluding their limitations, which provides novel and reliable methods for drug delivery and treatment. Our review focuses on the therapeutic potentials and clinical values of exosomes as a carrier of drug delivery system in multiple diseases, including cancer, nervous, immune, and skeletal system diseases.

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Section: Other Systemic Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Therapeutic Potential and Clinical Significance of Exosomes as Carriers of Drug Delivery System

Hân

et al. 2022

Pharmaceutics

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“…miRNAs are not only widely present in a variety of human tissues and cells, but can also bind to Argonaute proteins ( 19 ), which, in turn, prevents the degradation of RNA enzymes, allowing miRNAs to be stably expressed in serum, plasma, and other body fluids ( 20 ). This stability, ubiquity, high specificity, high sensitivity, and recent advances in the detection and analysis methods render miRNAs potentially useful novel biomarkers for DR diagnosis ( 21 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circulating MicroRNAs as Potential Diagnostic Biomarkers for Diabetic Retinopathy: A Meta-Analysis

Wen

et al. 2022

Front. Endocrinol.

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ObjectiveDiabetic retinopathy (DR) is a common diabetic microvascular complication and a major cause of acquired vision loss. Finding effective biomarkers for the early identification and diagnosis of DR is crucial. This study aimed to comprehensively evaluate the accuracy of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the diagnosis of DR via a meta-analysis of previously published diagnostic studies. This study has been registered on the PROSPERO website, with the number CRD42022323238.MethodsWe searched PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, China Wanfang database, and China Knowledge Network database to identify relevant articles published from the time of database creation to April 10, 2022. Stata 14.0 software was used to calculate the pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR), diagnostic ratio (DOR), and area under the summary receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve to assess the accuracy of miRNAs in the diagnosis of DR. Heterogeneity between studies was assessed using Cochran-Q test and I2 statistic for quantitative analysis. The random-effect model was selected due to significant heterogeneity. Subgroup analysis and regression analysis were also performed to determine the potential sources of heterogeneity.ResultsWe included 25 articles detailing 52 studies with 1987 patients with DR and 1771 non-DR controls. The findings demonstrated overall sensitivity (0.82, 95% CI: 0.78 ~ 0.85), specificity (0.84, 95% CI: 0.81 ~ 0.86), PLR (5.0, 95% CI: 4.2 ~ 5.9), NLR (0.22, 95% CI: 0.18 ~ 0.26), and the area under the summary ROC curve (0.90, 95% CI: 0.87 ~ 0.92). Furthermore, we performed subgroup analysis and found that panels of multiple miRNAs could enhance the pooled sensitivity (sensitivity, specificity, and AUC values were 0.89, 0.87, and 0.94, respectively).ConclusionThe meta-analysis showed that miRNAs can be used as potential diagnostic markers for DR, with high accuracy of diagnoses observed with the detection of miRNAs in plasma and serum.

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“…Exosomes not only contain protein antigens, but also secretory-cell-derived mRNAs and non-coding RNAs, especially miRNAs [ 77 , 78 ]. As these RNAs are protected by the lipid bilayer membrane of exosomes, they are not degraded by the RNase and remain highly stable in blood and body fluids.…”

Section: Regulation Of Immune Response By Exosomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immune Modulation Using Extracellular Vesicles Encapsulated with MicroRNAs as Novel Drug Delivery Systems

Matsuzaka

Yashiro

2022

IJMS

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Self-tolerance involves protection from self-reactive B and T cells via negative selection during differentiation, programmed cell death, and inhibition of regulatory T cells. The breakdown of immune tolerance triggers various autoimmune diseases, owing to a lack of distinction between self-antigens and non-self-antigens. Exosomes are non-particles that are approximately 50–130 nm in diameter. Extracellular vesicles can be used for in vivo cell-free transmission to enable intracellular delivery of proteins and nucleic acids, including microRNAs (miRNAs). miRNAs encapsulated in exosomes can regulate the molecular pathways involved in the immune response through post-transcriptional regulation. Herein, we sought to summarize and review the molecular mechanisms whereby exosomal miRNAs modulate the expression of genes involved in the immune response.

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Exosomal ncRNAs: Novel therapeutic target and biomarker for diabetic complications

Cited by 60 publications

References 100 publications

The Therapeutic Potential and Clinical Significance of Exosomes as Carriers of Drug Delivery System

The Therapeutic Potential and Clinical Significance of Exosomes as Carriers of Drug Delivery System

Circulating MicroRNAs as Potential Diagnostic Biomarkers for Diabetic Retinopathy: A Meta-Analysis

Immune Modulation Using Extracellular Vesicles Encapsulated with MicroRNAs as Novel Drug Delivery Systems

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