Exosomal miRNAs as Biomarkers of Cancer: a Meta-Analysis

Yang, Bo; Xiong, Wan-Yuan; Hou, Huai-Jing; Xu, Qian; Cai, Xiaoling; Zeng, Tong-xu; Ha, Xiaoqin

doi:10.7754/clin.lab.2018.181011

Cited by 19 publications

(30 citation statements)

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“…The EV-derived RNAs have also been assessed in terms of their potential as cancer biomarkers in clinical samples. Yang et al confirmed, through meta-analysis, that plasma exosomal miRNAs have a high diagnostic value for prostate cancer patients [56]. Hessvik et al identified 36 exosomal miRNAs as biomarker candidates for PCa in clinical studies [57].…”

Section: The Potential Of Exosomes In Prostate Cancer Diagnosis and Mmentioning

confidence: 98%

Exosomes in Prostate Cancer Diagnosis, Prognosis and Therapy

Lorenc

Klimczyk

Michalczewska

et al. 2020

IJMS

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Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most common cause of cancer-related mortality among men in the developed world. Conventional anti-PCa therapies are not effective for patients with advanced and/or metastatic disease. In most cases, cancer therapies fail due to an incomplete depletion of tumor cells, resulting in tumor relapse. Exosomes are involved in tumor progression, promoting the angiogenesis and migration of tumor cells during metastasis. These structures contribute to the dissemination of pathogenic agents through interaction with recipient cells. Exosomes may deliver molecules that are able to induce the transdifferentiation process, known as "epithelial to mesenchymal transition". The composition of exosomes and the associated possibilities of interacting with cells make exosomes multifaceted regulators of cancer development. Extracellular vesicles have biophysical properties, such as stability, biocompatibility, permeability, low toxicity and low immunogenicity, which are key for the successful development of an innovative drug delivery system. They have an enhanced circulation stability and bio-barrier permeation ability, and they can therefore be used as effective chemotherapeutic carriers to improve the regulation of target tissues and organs. Exosomes have the capacity to deliver different types of cargo and to target specific cells. Chemotherapeutics, natural products and RNA have been encapsulated for the treatment of prostate cancers.

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Section: The Potential Of Exosomes In Prostate Cancer Diagnosis and Mmentioning

confidence: 98%

Exosomes in Prostate Cancer Diagnosis, Prognosis and Therapy

Lorenc

Klimczyk

Michalczewska

et al. 2020

IJMS

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“…Extracellular vesicles consist of a class of membrane-bound vesicles of varying origin that can be secreted by a cell in different physiological conditions. One of the main types of EVs in which miRNA have been identified are exosomes, 30 to 150 nm-sized double-membrane vesicles that have been extensively studied due to their roles in cell-to-cell communication [24][25][26]. Exosomes originate from the endosome and are secreted following their assembly into multivesicular bodies (MVB).…”

Section: Cell-to-cell Communication By Extracellular Vesiclesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The internalization of the exosomes has been proven to influence recipient cells mainly due to the composition of the exosomal cargo [29]. "Signals" are encoded in the components of the exosomal cargo, consisting of fragmented nuclear DNA [30][31][32], mitochondrial DNA [33], proteins, growth factors [34] miRNAs [24,35], and long non-coding RNAs [36,37], making exosomes very important players in cell-to-cell communication. The exact mechanisms of how exosomal cargo is selected and loaded are still under constant discussion [38].…”

Section: Cell-to-cell Communication By Extracellular Vesiclesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Up to this point, the composition and diagnostic potential of blood-derived exosomal miRNA signatures have been extensively described in the case of hepatocellular [58], prostate [59][60][61], ovarian [62,63], non-small-cell lung [53], colon [64,65], breast [66][67][68][69], gastrointestinal [70], and several other types of cancer [24]. Thus, it is beyond the goal of this paper to summarize all the identified exosomal miRNAs.…”

Section: The Potential Use Of Exosomal Mirnas As Biomarkersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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MicroRNAs from Liquid Biopsy Derived Extracellular Vesicles: Recent Advances in Detection and Characterization Methods

Drula

Ott

Berindan‐Neagoe

et al. 2020

Cancers

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Liquid biopsies have become a convenient tool in cancer diagnostics, real-time disease monitoring, and evaluation of residual disease. Yet, the information still encrypted in the variety of tumor-derived molecules identified in biofluids has proven difficult to decipher due to the technological limitations imposed by their biological nature. Such is the case of extracellular vesicle (EV) encapsulated ncRNAs, which have gained traction in recent years as biomarkers. Due to their resilience towards degrading factors they may act as suitable disease indicators. This review addresses the less described issues in this context. We present an overview of less investigated biofluids that can be used for EV isolation in addition to different isolation approaches to overcome the technical challenges these specimens harbor. Furthermore, we summarize the latest technological advances providing improvement to ncRNA detection and analysis. Thereby, this review summarizes the current state-of-the-art methodologies regarding EV and EV derived miRNA analysis and how they compare to current approaches.

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“…MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a group of small non-coding RNAs with about 22 nucleotides, which involved in regulating cancer progression [15,16] . Speci cally, multiple miRNAs had been identi ed to regulate BC pathogenesis, such as miR-200c-3p [17] , miR-203a-3p [18] , miR-451 [19,20] , etc.. Interestingly, by performing online starBase software (http://starbase.sysu.edu.cn/), our team noticed that there existed potential targeting sites between miR-451 and LncRNA SNHG15, and previous work also validated that LncRNA SNHG15 sponged miR-451 to exert its biological functions in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) in a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) mechanism dependent manner [21] , which rendered the possibility that LncRNA SNHG15 might regulate BC progression through miR-451.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

LncRNA SNHG15 facilitates development of breast cancer (BC) by upregulating c-Myc through sponging miR-451

Du¹,

Zhong²,

Ma³

2020

Preprint

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Background: Emerging evidences suggested that LncRNA SNHG15 functioned as an oncogene to promote breast cancer (BC) progression, but the detailed mechanisms are still not fully delineated.Methods: The expression levels of the associated genes were examined by using the Real-Time qPCR and Western Blot. Dual-luciferase reporter gene system was performed to validated the potential targeting sites. Cell counting kit-8 and colony formation assay were used to measure cell proliferation, and trypan blue staining and Annexin V-FITC/PI double staining assay were performed to determine cell viability and apoptosis. Cell invasion and migration were examined by transwell and wound scratch assay, respectively. The tumor-bearing mice models were established, and immunohistochemistry (IHC) was conducted to examine expression and localization of Ki67 protein in tumor tissues.Results: Here we identified that LncRNA SNHG15 upregulated c-Myc to facilitate BC progression by sponging miR-451 in a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA)-dependent manner in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, LncRNA SNHG15 and c-Myc were upregulated, while miR-451 was downregulated in BC cells and clinical tissues, compared to their normal counterparts. As expected, the Pearson correlation analysis results indicated that miR-451 negatively correlated with LncRNA SNHG15 and c-Myc, and LncRNA SNHG15 was positively relevant to c-Myc in BC tissues. Next, we validated that LncRNA SNHG15 sponged miR-451 to upregulate c-Myc in BC cells. Further gain- and loss-function experiments evidenced that LncRNA SNHG15 promoted, while miR-451 inhibited malignant phenotypes, including cell proliferation, viability, migration, invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in BC cells. Interestingly, the inhibiting effects of LncRNA SNHG15 ablation on BC progression were abrogated by both silencing miR-451 and overexpressing c-Myc.Conclusions: Collectively, the present study evidenced that targeting LncRNA SNHG15/miR-451/c-Myc signaling cascade was novel to hamper BC progression, and the potential underlying mechanisms were also uncovered, which broadened our knowledge in this field, and provided potential biomarkers for BC diagnosis and treatment.

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Exosomal miRNAs as Biomarkers of Cancer: a Meta-Analysis

Cited by 19 publications

References 0 publications

Exosomes in Prostate Cancer Diagnosis, Prognosis and Therapy

Exosomes in Prostate Cancer Diagnosis, Prognosis and Therapy

MicroRNAs from Liquid Biopsy Derived Extracellular Vesicles: Recent Advances in Detection and Characterization Methods

LncRNA SNHG15 facilitates development of breast cancer (BC) by upregulating c-Myc through sponging miR-451

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