Exosomal miR-1246 from glioma patient body fluids drives the differentiation and activation of myeloid-derived suppressor cells

The tumor microenvironment (TME) is defined as a complex and dynamic tissue entity composed of endothelial, stromal, immune cells, and the blood system. The homeostasis and evolution of the TME are governed by intimate interactions among cellular compartments. The malignant behavior of cancer cells, such as infiltrating growth, proliferation, invasion, and metastasis, is predominantly dependent on the bidirectional communication between tumor cells and the TME. And such dialogue mainly involves the transfer of multifunctional regulatory molecules from tumor cells and/or stromal cells within the TME. Interestingly, increasing evidence has confirmed that exosomes carrying regulatory molecules, proteins, and nucleic acids act as an active link in cellular crosstalk in the TME. Notably, extensive studies have identified non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), including long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs), that could be encapsulated by exosomes, which regulate the coordinated function within the TME and thus participate in cancer development and progression. In this review, we summarize recent literature around the topic of the functions and mechanisms of exosomal ncRNAs in the TME and highlight their clinical significance.

Section: The Functions Of Exosomal Ncrnas In the Tmementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Functions Of Exosomal Ncrnas In the Tmementioning

confidence: 99%

Crosstalk of Exosomal Non-Coding RNAs in The Tumor Microenvironment: Novel Frontiers

Jia

Yao

2022

“…Exosome-mediated miR-182-5p, thereupon, could be a desirable diagnostic and prognostic biomarker of glioma (36). Moreover, CSF exosomal miR-1246 was associated with glioma and could potentially be applied for monitoring tumor recurrence after surgery (49). Finally, augmented expression of small EVs-derived miR-9-5p was linked to a decreased survival in IDH-mutated glioma patients, suggesting that miR-9-5p within the EVs from blood and CSF might be explored as a potential molecular biomarker (120).…”

Section: Clinical Implications Of Exosomal Mirnas In Glioma Exosomal ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Understanding of Exosomal MicroRNAs in Glioma Immune Regulation and Therapeutic Responses

Peng

Liang

et al. 2022

Exosomes, the small extracellular vesicles, are released by multiple cell types, including tumor cells, and represent a novel avenue for intercellular communication via transferring diverse biomolecules. Recently, microRNAs (miRNAs) were demonstrated to be enclosed in exosomes and therefore was protected from degradation. Such exosomal miRNAs can be transmitted to recipient cells where they could regulate multiple cancer-associated biological processes. Accumulative evidence suggests that exosomal miRNAs serve essential roles in modifying the glioma immune microenvironment and potentially affecting the malignant behaviors and therapeutic responses. As exosomal miRNAs are detectable in almost all kinds of biofluids and correlated with clinicopathological characteristics of glioma, they might be served as promising biomarkers for gliomas. We reviewed the novel findings regarding the biological functions of exosomal miRNAs during glioma pathogenesis and immune regulation. Furthermore, we elaborated on their potential clinical applications as biomarkers in glioma diagnosis, prognosis and treatment response prediction. Finally, we summarized the accessible databases that can be employed for exosome-associated miRNAs identification and functional exploration of cancers, including glioma.

“…miR-1246 in glioma-derived exosomes was demonstrated to mediate MDSC differentiation and activation in a dual-specificity phosphatase 3 (DUSP3)/extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (ERK)-dependent mechanism. The expression of exosomal miR-1246 was correlated with glioma recurrence ( 75 ). The main signal pathways of MDSCs that interacted with microRNAs in the tumor microenvironment are illustrated in Figure 1 .…”

Section: The Mirnas In the Tumor Microenvironment Regulate Mdscs Func...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction Between microRNAs and Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells in Tumor Microenvironment

Liang

et al. 2022

Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are a heterogeneous population of cells generated during a series of pathologic conditions including cancer. MicroRNA (miRNA) has been considered as a regulator in different tumor microenvironments. Recent studies have begun to unravel the crosstalk between miRNAs and MDSCs. The knowledge of the effect of both miRNAs and MDSCs in tumor may improve our understanding of the tumor immune escape and metastasis. The miRNAs target cellular signal pathways to promote or inhibit the function of MDSCs. On the other hand, MDSCs transfer bioinformation through exosomes containing miRNAs. In this review, we summarized and discussed the bidirectional regulation between miRNAs and MDSCs in the tumor microenvironment.