Exopolysaccharides Produced by Pseudomonas Solanacearum

Trigalet-Demery, D.

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-73166-2_15

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…In the case of B. solanacearum, this approach has met with limited success (3,21,44). However, recent studies indicate that spontaneous nonpathogenic mutants of B. solanacearum which are impaired in exopolysaccharide production are unable to colonize the host plant (42,45) and consequently exhibit poor biocontrol ability (41). This was addressed by the development of genetically engineered Hrp Ϫ mutants of B. solanacearum that retained the ability to colonize the host.…”

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Bacteriocin Typing of Burkholderia (Pseudomonas) solanacearum Race 1 of the French West Indies and Correlation with Genomic Variation of the Pathogen

Frey¹,

Smith²,

Albar³

et al. 1996

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Burkholderia solanacearum race 1 isolates indigenous to the French West Indies were characterized by bacteriocin typing and two genomic fingerprinting methods: pulsed-field gel electrophoresis of genomic DNA digested by rare-cutting restriction endonucleases (RC-PFGE) and PCR with primers corresponding to repetitive extragenic palindromic (REP), enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus (ERIC), and BOX elements (collectively known as rep-PCR). The survey comprised 24 reference strains and 65 isolates obtained from a field trial in Guadeloupe in 1993. Comparison of the data identified RC-PFGE as the most discriminatory method, delineating 17 pulsed-field gel profile types. rep-PCR and bacteriocin typing identified nine rep-PCR profile types and nine bacteriocin groups. Independent determination of similarity coefficients and clustering of RC-PFGE and rep-PCR data identified six groups common to both sets of data that correlated to biovar and bacteriocin groups. Further study of bacteriocin production in planta gave results consistent with in vitro bacteriocin typing. It was observed that spontaneous bacteriocin-resistant mutants exhibited a crossresistance to other bacteriocins as identified by the typing scheme and that such mutants possessed a selective advantage for growth over isogenic nonmutants in the presence of a bacteriocin. The results are significant in the search for biological control of disease by nonpathogenic mutants of the wild-type organism. Burkholderia (syn. Pseudomonas) solanacearum E. F. Smith is the causal agent of bacterial wilt, one of the most devastating bacterial plant diseases in the tropical, subtropical, and warm temperate regions (24). Although the name Burkholderia solanacearum was recently proposed (48), the taxonomic position of this species remains unclear (16). With the advent of modern molecular DNA technology, significant advances have been made in the description of the species in recent years (5, 6). These techniques in general have complemented the previous classifications based on carbon utilization (biovars) and host association (races) and have further elucidated the probable origin of the races observed. Relatively few studies have centered on ascertaining diversity within a race, a biovar, or field populations of B. solanacearum (14, 15, 38). Numerous protocols have been applied to typing bacterial populations, including multilocus enzyme electrophoresis (22, 35), bacteriocin typing (19), and genomic fingerprinting (14, 15, 27, 30). Production of bacteriocin has been reported for several genera of plant pathogenic bacteria: Agrobacterium (26), Clavibacter (10, 18), Erwinia (11), and Pseudomonas (47).

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Bacteriocin Typing of Burkholderia (Pseudomonas) solanacearum Race 1 of the French West Indies and Correlation with Genomic Variation of the Pathogen

Frey¹,

Smith²,

Albar³

et al. 1996

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…Hrpmutants of P. solanacearum produce amounts of exopolysaccharides comparable to those of Hrp+ strains, and the hrp gene cluster is thus not involved in exopolysaccharide biosynthesis (33). The major exopolysaccharide is thought to act as an invasive factor which protects the bacteria from plant agglutinins (10) and to prevent the bacteria from sticking to plant cell walls (35).…”

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Hrp ^- Mutants of Pseudomonas solanacearum as Potential Biocontrol Agents of Tomato Bacterial Wilt

Frey

Prior

Marie

et al. 1994

Appl Environ Microbiol

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There have been many attempts to control bacterial wilt with antagonistic bacteria or spontaneous nonpathogenic mutants of Pseudomonas solanacearum that lack the ability to colonize the host, but they have met with limited success. Since a large gene cluster ( hrp ) is involved in the pathogenicity of P. solanacearum , we developed a biological control strategy using genetically engineered Hrp - mutants of P. solanacearum. Three pathogenic strains collected in Guadeloupe (French West Indies) were rendered nonpathogenic by insertion of an ω-Km interposon within the hrp gene cluster of each strain. The resulting Hrp - mutants were tested for their ability to control bacterial wilt in challenge inoculation experiments conducted either under growth chamber conditions or under greenhouse conditions in Guadeloupe. Compared with the colonization by a pathogenic strain which spread throughout the tomato plant, colonization by the mutants was restricted to the roots and the lower part of the stems. The mutants did not reach the fruit. Moreover, the presence of the mutants did not affect fruit production. When the plants were challenge inoculated with a pathogenic strain, the presence of Hrp - mutants within the plants was correlated with a reduction in disease severity, although pathogenic bacteria colonized the stem tissue at a higher density than the nonpathogenic bacteria. Challenge inoculation experiments conducted under growth chamber conditions led, in some cases, to exclusion of the pathogenic strain from the aerial part of the plant, resulting in high protection rates. Furthermore, there was evidence that one of the pathogenic strains used for the challenge inoculations produced a bacteriocin that inhibited the in vitro growth of the nonpathogenic mutants.

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“…In rich medium the wild type of R. solanacearum produces three EPSs (Orgambide et al,1991 andTrigalet-Demery et al, 1993). The high-molecularweight acidic polymer EPS1, which account for up to 90% of the dry weight of the EPSs and two minor polymers, namely a N-acetyl-glucosaminorhamnan (EPS3) and a glucan (EPS4).…”

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Biochemical Characterization of Lipopolysaccharide of Ralstonia solanacearum and its Relation to Virulence

El-Meneisy

Ahmed

El-Said

et al. 2011

Egyptian Journal of Phytopathology

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his work was planned to study biochemical characters for R. solanacearum lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and its relation to virulence. All tuber isolates were highly virulence compared with soil and water isolates. These isolates were divided into two groups according to disease incidence and disease severity; the first group contained virulent isolates which isolated from tuber samples and the second group contained avirulent isolates which isolated from soil and water samples. Virulent isolates showed high content of either lipopolysaccharide or total sugars in LPS compared with avirulent isolates. Total sugars in LPS were determined using gas liquid chromatography (GLC). The glucose was the major content of R. solanacearum lipopolysaccharide in all examined isolates. Lipopolysaccharide for virulent isolates of R. solanacearum showed high amount of arabinose, xylose, mannose and galactose compared with the avirulent isolates, while the amount of mannitol was the highest in Lipopolysaccharide for avirulent isolates compared with virulent isolates. There is no significant difference for the amount of rhamnose, fructose and sorbitol in lipopolysaccharide for all isolates.

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Exopolysaccharides Produced by Pseudomonas Solanacearum

Cited by 3 publications

References 18 publications

Bacteriocin Typing of Burkholderia (Pseudomonas) solanacearum Race 1 of the French West Indies and Correlation with Genomic Variation of the Pathogen

Bacteriocin Typing of Burkholderia (Pseudomonas) solanacearum Race 1 of the French West Indies and Correlation with Genomic Variation of the Pathogen

Hrp ^- Mutants of Pseudomonas solanacearum as Potential Biocontrol Agents of Tomato Bacterial Wilt

Biochemical Characterization of Lipopolysaccharide of Ralstonia solanacearum and its Relation to Virulence

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Exopolysaccharides Produced by Pseudomonas Solanacearum

Cited by 3 publications

References 18 publications

Bacteriocin Typing of Burkholderia (Pseudomonas) solanacearum Race 1 of the French West Indies and Correlation with Genomic Variation of the Pathogen

Bacteriocin Typing of Burkholderia (Pseudomonas) solanacearum Race 1 of the French West Indies and Correlation with Genomic Variation of the Pathogen

Hrp - Mutants of Pseudomonas solanacearum as Potential Biocontrol Agents of Tomato Bacterial Wilt

Biochemical Characterization of Lipopolysaccharide of Ralstonia solanacearum and its Relation to Virulence

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Hrp ^- Mutants of Pseudomonas solanacearum as Potential Biocontrol Agents of Tomato Bacterial Wilt