Exophthalmos in Leukemia

The majority of bleeds are associated with some form of orbital vascular anomaly. Where no such anomaly can be demonstrated a search for an underlying systemic cause should be performed. Haemorrhages in the young were usually localized whereas those in older patients were diffuse. Orbital imaging, with a combination of computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, was helpful in the assessment of these lesions. Most bleeds are venous and self-limiting. Surgical intervention was rarely necessary and should be confined to those with optic nerve compromise or a localized lesion which persists.

show abstract

“…These predisposing factors have been previously recognized but it is useful to see their role in larger study series. 1,3,5–17 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non‐traumatic orbital haemorrhage

Sullivan

Wright

2000

Clinical Exper Ophthalmology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…32 However, leukaemic cells occasionally do invade the vitreous possibly emerging from the optic nerve head. Reese and Guy 38 were the first to mention leukaemic cells in the vitreous cavity in the absence of haemorrhage. Swartz and Schumann 39 reported such a case, in which their patient (in clinical remission from ALL) had lymphoblasts in the vitreous, diagnosed by examination of specimens obtained by pars plana vitrectomy.…”

Section: Retinamentioning

confidence: 99%

Ophthalmic manifestations of acute leukaemias: the ophthalmologist's role

Sharma

Grewal

Gupta

et al. 2004

Eye

206

166

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

With evolving diagnostic and therapeutic advances, the survival of patients with acute leukaemia has considerably improved. This has led to an increase in the variability of ocular presentations in the form of side effects of the treatment and the ways leukaemic relapses are being first identified as an ocular presentation. Leukaemia may involve many ocular tissues either by direct infiltration, haemorrhage, ischaemia, or toxicity due to various chemotherapeutic agents. Ocular involvement may also be seen in graft-versushost reaction in patients undergoing allogeneic bone marrow transplantation, or simply as increased susceptibility to infections as a result of immunosuppression that these patients undergo. This can range from simple bacterial conjunctivitis to an endophthalmitis. Leukaemia can present as pathology in the adnexae, conjunctiva, sclera, cornea, anterior chamber, iris, lens, vitreous, retina, choroid, and optic nerve. Recognition of the varied ocular presentations is also important in assessing the course and prognosis of leukaemia. We have presented a systematic approach taking each part of the eye in turn and outlining how leukaemia has been shown to affect it.

show abstract

“…They include vascular disor ders [1,[7][8][9], blood disorders [1,[10][11][12][13][14][15] and other generalized or local causes [1,2,4,6,7,16,17]. Case 1 was accompanied with vascular abnormalities.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spontaneous Orbital Hemorrhage in Adult Females

Shimura

Kiyosawa²,

Aikawa³

et al. 1992

Ophthalmologica

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Three cases of spontaneous orbital hemorrhages in 3 adult females are reported. All of the patients had acute radiating pain in the orbit, vomiting and proptosis with a limitation of motility and ecchymosis of the eyelids. One was due to a large orbital varix with a preceding history of intermittent exophthalmos; the causes of the other cases could not be determined from their backgrounds. Within a few weeks, all of them had recovered from hematoma and had good prognoses without surgery. Orbital venous bleeding with 40 mm Hg pressure will cause more than 500 g tension on the four rectus muscles. To treat this clinical emergency, hemostasis with compression in the early phase and waiting for its spontaneous absorption are recommended.

show abstract

Exophthalmos in Leukemia

Cited by 34 publications

References 1 publication

Non‐traumatic orbital haemorrhage

Non‐traumatic orbital haemorrhage

Ophthalmic manifestations of acute leukaemias: the ophthalmologist's role

Spontaneous Orbital Hemorrhage in Adult Females

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About