EXOGENOUSLY APPLIED 24-EPIBRASSINOLIDE MODULATES PHYSIOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS IN LAVENDER (Lavandula angustifolia) PLANTS UNDER DROUGHT STRESS CONDITIONS

Water deprivation modifies the metabolic profile of lavender (Lavandula angustifolia Mill.) leaves

“…If stress by drought is not released, ROS scavenging will be stimulated to minimize metabolic constraints and to reduce the costs of stress defense In the present study, in addition to reduced stomatal conductance and elevated ROS levels in response to prolonged WD (Du and Rennenberg 2018), as speculated in our first hypothesis, carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) metabolome profiles of lavender leaves were strongly impacted by prolonged WD (Figure 1) as seen from the significantly altered abundances of sugars, organic acids and amino acids ( Figures 3, 4, and S1). Similar results were also obtained in other studies (Nogués et al 2001;Zhen and Burnett 2015;Lamacque et al 2020;Gorgini Shabankareh et al 2021a;Mohammadi et al 2021;Saunier et al 2022).…”

“…In addition to promoted stomatal closure, reduced photosynthesis and growth of lavender plants (Nogues and Baker 2000;Meng et al 2014;Khorasaninejad et al 2015;Zhen and Burnett 2015;Lamacque et al 2020;Szekely-Varga et al 2020;Saunier et al 2022), drought also resulted in elevated foliar reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, for example, hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) and its reaction product malondialdehyde (MDA) (Du and Rennenberg 2018;Xiang et al 2019;Gorgini Shabankareh et al 2021a;Mohammadi et al 2021;Cáceres-Cevallos et al 2023), consequently leading to an increased activity of anti-oxidative enzymes (Gorgini Shabankareh et al 2021a, 2021b. Drought also caused accumulation of osmolytes such as sugars and nitrogen compounds (Du and Rennenberg 2018;Szekely-Varga et al 2020;Gorgini Shabankareh et al 2021a, 2021b and impacted terpenoids composition (Mohammadi et al 2021;Saunier et al 2022). The significantly altered foliar redox state (Foyer et al 2020) as well as the accumulation of compatible solutes and secondary metabolites indicate complex metabolic regulations in response to drought (Fàbregas and Fernie 2019), particularly in young plants which are more sensitive to extreme weather events (Cris ¸an et al 2023).…”

“…before both primary and secondary biochemical processes depending on carbon skeletons, including essential oil biosynthesis, are impacted(McDowell 2011;Caretto et al 2015;Rehman et al 2016;Gupta et al 2020). Previous studies have shown that drought had strong effects on growth, morphology, photosynthetic pigment contents and antioxidant levels of several lavender species(Munné-Bosch et al 2001;Nogués et al 2001;Marulanda et al 2007;Khorasaninejad et al 2015;Zhen and Burnett 2015;Szekely-Varga et al 2020;Gorgini Shabankareh et al 2021a;Mohammadi et al 2021;Mohammadzadeh and Pirzad 2021;Saunier et al 2022;Cáceres- Cevallos et al 2023). However, little is known about the complex metabolic puzzle of plant responses to drought stress, particularly processes related to essential oil production(Kulak 2020).…”

Antioxidant Capacity and Composition of Essential Oil of Lavender and Lavandin Growing in Bosnia and Herzegovina

“…The medicinal properties of all medicinal plants, including lavender, depending on the content of phenolic compounds and their antioxidant capacity (Gavrić et al, 2023). Although genetic processes control the amount of these components in the plant, environmental factors and cultivation method also significantly impact their contents (Gavrić et al, 2018a;Albergaria et al, 2020;Mohammadi et al, 2021;Lebedev et al, 2022). However, it is known that all cultivars accumulate phenolic compounds, which are characterized by high antioxidant activity (Wells et al, 2018).…”