Exogenous Tau RNA Is Localized in Oocytes: Possible Evidence for Evolutionary Conservation of Localization Mechanisms

Litman, Pninit; Behar, Lea; Elisha, Zichrini; Yisraeli, Joel K.; Ginzburg, Irith

doi:10.1006/dbio.1996.9992

Cited by 26 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Tau protein in confirmation of previous findings (25). The injection of buffer alone resulted in a normal maturation of oocytes following stimulation by progesterone as assessed by the appearance of the white maturation spot at the animal pole (Fig.…”

Section: Effects Of Injected Tau On Oocyte Maturation-by Immunoblottisupporting

confidence: 90%

Functional Characterization of FTDP-17 tau Gene Mutations through Their Effects on Xenopus Oocyte Maturation

Delobel¹,

Flament²,

Hamdane³

et al. 2002

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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tau gene mutations cause frontotemporal dementia and parkinsonism linked to chromosome 17 (FTDP-17). Here we have used Xenopus oocyte maturation as an indicator of microtubule function. We show that wildtype four-repeat Tau protein inhibits maturation in a concentration-dependent manner, whereas three-repeat Tau has no effect. Of the seven four-repeat Tau proteins with FTDP-17 mutations tested, five (G272V, ⌬K280, P301L, P301S, and V337M) failed to interfere significantly with oocyte maturation, demonstrating a greatly reduced ability to interact with microtubules. One mutant protein (R406W) almost behaved like wildtype Tau, and one (S305N) inhibited maturation more strongly than wild-type Tau. With the exception of R406W, wild-type Tau and all the mutants studied were similarly phosphorylated during the Xenopus oocyte maturation, and this was independent of their effects on this process. Data obtained with R406W and S305N may be related to charge changes (phosphorylation and basic amino acids). Our results demonstrate variable effects of FTDP-17 mutations on microtubules in an intact cell situation. Those findings establish Xenopus oocyte maturation as a system allowing the study of the functional effects of tau gene mutations in a quantitative manner.

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Section: Effects Of Injected Tau On Oocyte Maturation-by Immunoblottisupporting

confidence: 90%

Functional Characterization of FTDP-17 tau Gene Mutations through Their Effects on Xenopus Oocyte Maturation

Delobel¹,

Flament²,

Hamdane³

et al. 2002

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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“…Interestingly, in vitro synthesized tau 3 -UTR injected into Xenopus oocytes localizes to the vegetal pole in a pattern identical to Vg1 RNA (158). Moreover, this localization is dependent first on microtubules and then on actin microfilaments, as for Vg1 RNA (158). This observation demonstrates that once an RNA associates with the cytoskeletal transport apparatus, it localizes according to the type of cell in which it is.…”

Section: Directed Cytoplasmic Transport Of Rnamentioning

confidence: 81%

“…This localization is mediated by the tau 3 -UTR (see below) and depends on microtubules (157). Interestingly, in vitro synthesized tau 3 -UTR injected into Xenopus oocytes localizes to the vegetal pole in a pattern identical to Vg1 RNA (158). Moreover, this localization is dependent first on microtubules and then on actin microfilaments, as for Vg1 RNA (158).…”

Section: Directed Cytoplasmic Transport Of Rnamentioning

confidence: 97%

“…More remarkable is the fact that the mammalian tau 3 -UTR, which directs tau transcript localization to the axons of neurons, can also direct vegetal transcript localization in Xenopus oocytes with a pattern and dynamics indistinguishable from Vg1 transcripts (158). This result suggests that RNA targeting elements and localization machinery are conserved from Xenopus to mammals and from oocytes to neurons.…”

Section: Evolutionary Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In many cases, 170). Interestingly, the rat tau RNA's 3 -UTR, which confers localization to the proximal hillock of rat axons, also mediates vegetal localization in Xenopus oocytes (158). The chicken β-actin 3 -UTR contains a cis-acting element sufficient for peripheral localization in chicken embryonic fibroblasts and myoblasts (171).…”

Section: Mapping Of Cis-acting Elements In Localized Rnasmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rna Localization in Development

Bashirullah

Cooperstock

Lipshitz

1998

Annu. Rev. Biochem.

321

191

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Cytoplasmic RNA localization is an evolutionarily ancient mechanism for producing cellular asymmetries. This review considers RNA localization in the context of animal development. Both mRNAs and non-protein-coding RNAs are localized in Drosophila, Xenopus, ascidian, zebrafish, and echinoderm oocytes and embryos, as well as in a variety of developing and differentiated polarized cells from yeast to mammals. Mechanisms used to transport and anchor RNAs in the cytoplasm include vectorial transport out of the nucleus, directed cytoplasmic transport in association with the cytoskeleton, and local entrapment at particular cytoplasmic sites. The majority of localized RNAs are targeted to particular cytoplasmic regions by cis-acting RNA elements; in mRNAs these are almost always in the 3 -untranslated region (UTR). A variety of trans-acting factorsmany of them RNA-binding proteins-function in localization. Developmental functions of RNA localization have been defined in Xenopus, Drosophila, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In Drosophila, localized RNAs program the anteroposterior and dorso-ventral axes of the oocyte and embryo. In Xenopus, localized RNAs may function in mesoderm induction as well as in dorso-ventral axis specification. Localized RNAs also program asymmetric cell fates during Drosophila neurogenesis and yeast budding. 335

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Organisation ofXenopus oocyte and egg cortices

Chang

Pérez‐Mongiovi

Houliston

1999

Microsc. Res. Tech.

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The division of the Xenopus oocyte cortex into structurally and functionally distinct “animal” and “vegetal” regions during oogenesis provides the basis of the organisation of the early embryo. The vegetal region of the cortex accummulates specific maternal mRNAs that specify the development of the endoderm and mesoderm, as well as functionally‐defined “determinants” of dorso‐anterior development, and recognisable “germ plasm” determinants that segregate into primary germ cells. These localised elements on the vegetal cortex underlie both the primary animal‐vegetal polarity of the egg and the organisation of the developing embryo. The animal cortex meanwhile becomes specialised for the events associated with fertilisation: sperm entry, calcium release into the cytoplasm, cortical granule exocytosis, and polarised cortical contraction. Cortical and subcortical reorganisations associated with meiotic maturation, fertilisation, cortical rotation, and the first mitotic cleavage divisions redistribute the vegetal cortical determinants, contributing to the specification of dorso‐anterior axis and segregation of the germ line. In this article we consider what is known about the changing organisation of the oocyte and egg cortex in relation to the mechanisms of determinant localisation, anchorage, and redistribution, and show novel ultrastructural views of cortices isolated at different stages and processed by the rapid‐freeze deep‐etch method. Cortical organisation involves interactions between the different cytoskeletal filament systems and internal membranes. Associated proteins and cytoplasmic signals probably modulate these interactions in stage‐specific ways, leaving much to be understood. Microsc. Res. Tech. 44:415–429, 1999. © 1999 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

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Exogenous Tau RNA Is Localized in Oocytes: Possible Evidence for Evolutionary Conservation of Localization Mechanisms

Cited by 26 publications

References 4 publications

Functional Characterization of FTDP-17 tau Gene Mutations through Their Effects on Xenopus Oocyte Maturation

Functional Characterization of FTDP-17 tau Gene Mutations through Their Effects on Xenopus Oocyte Maturation

Rna Localization in Development

Organisation ofXenopus oocyte and egg cortices

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