Exogenous melatonin improves salt stress adaptation of cotton seedlings by regulating active oxygen metabolism

Jiang, Dan; Lu, Bin; Liu, Liantao; Duan, Wenjing; Chen, Li; Li, Jin; Zhang, Ke; Sun, Hong; Zhang, Yongjiang; Dong, Hezhong; Li, Cundong; Bai, Zhiying

doi:10.7717/peerj.10486

Cited by 50 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…The above results were consistent with those of PCA, where the osmoprotectants Pro, GLY, and TSSs were linked with 100 and 200 μM MEL‐treated olive seedlings exposed to moderate and severe salt stresses (Figure 3C). Our results were in line with those of Jiang et al (2020), who reported that the exogenous application of MEL increased the contents of osmoregulators like TSSs in cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum ) seedlings under salt stress. Likewise, it was reported that salt‐tolerant olive cultivars showed higher accumulations of TSSs and Pro in the leaves, which enabled them to better adapt and survive under saline conditions when compared with salt‐sensitive cultivars (Rahemi et al 2017).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Exogenous melatonin mitigates salinity‐induced damage in olive seedlings by modulating ion homeostasis, antioxidant defense, and phytohormone balance

Zahedi

Hosseini

Hoveizeh

et al. 2021

Physiologia Plantarum

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Melatonin (MEL) is a ubiquitous molecule with pleiotropic roles in plant adaption to stress. In this study, we investigated the effects of foliar spray of 100 and 200 μM MEL on the biochemical and physiological traits linked with the growth performance of olive seedlings exposed to moderate (45 mM NaCl) and severe (90 mM NaCl) salinity. Both salt stress conditions caused a considerable reduction in leaf relative water content and the contents of photosynthetic pigments (carotenoids, chlorophylls a and b, and total chlorophylls), K+ and Ca+2, while the contents of Na+ and the activities of antioxidant enzymes increased. In addition, salt‐stressed olive seedlings showed high accumulations of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), malondialdehyde (MDA), and electrolyte leakage (EL), indicating that olive seedlings suffered from salinity‐induced oxidative damage. In contrast, MEL application revived the growth of olive seedlings, including shoot height, root length and biomass under salt stress conditions. MEL protected the photosynthetic pigments and decreased the Na+/K+ ratio under both moderate and severe salt stresses. Furthermore, MEL induced the accumulations of proline, total soluble sugars, glycine betaine, abscisic acid, and indole acetic acid in salt‐stressed olive seedlings, which showed a positive correlation with improved leaf water status and biomass. MEL application also increased the activities of catalase, superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase, and peroxidase in salt‐stressed seedlings, resulting in lower levels of H2O2, MDA, and EL in these plants. Taken together, MEL mitigates salinity through its roles in various biochemical and physiological processes, thereby representing a promising agent for application in crop protection.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Exogenous melatonin mitigates salinity‐induced damage in olive seedlings by modulating ion homeostasis, antioxidant defense, and phytohormone balance

Zahedi

Hosseini

Hoveizeh

et al. 2021

Physiologia Plantarum

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“…5 and 6 ), and spraying 200 μM MT can more effectively reduce the oxidative damage caused by salt stress. It shows that exogenous MT can eliminate excessive ROS by promoting the activity of antioxidant enzymes to alleviate the oxidative stress caused by salt stress [ 50 ]. The mitigation of plant oxidative stress under stress by MT has been demonstrated in other plant species, such as oat [ 48 ], tea [ 46 ], rubber [ 70 ], tomato [ 57 , 71 ], and watermelon [ 68 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies on maize ( Zea mays ) [ 46 ], rapeseed [ 47 ], soybean [ 48 ] and tea [ 49 ] have shown that MT alleviates the damage to plants caused by stress. The application of MT has been shown to promote an increase in the activities of cotton antioxidant enzymes, and increase the plant height and leaf area of cotton seedlings [ 50 ], which may be owing to the appropriate concentration of MT. It increases the chlorophyll content and photosynthetic capacity of leaves under salt stress, alleviates the oxidative inhibition caused by salt stress, and promotes plant growth.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exogenous melatonin improves the salt tolerance of cotton by removing active oxygen and protecting photosynthetic organs

Jiang

Liu

et al. 2021

BMC Plant Biol

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Background As damage to the ecological environment continues to increase amid unreasonable amounts of irrigation, soil salinization has become a major challenge to agricultural development. Melatonin (MT) is a pleiotropic signal molecule and indole hormone, which alleviates the damage of abiotic stress to plants. MT has been confirmed to eliminate reactive oxygen species (ROS) by improving the antioxidant system and reducing oxidative damage under adversity. However, the mechanism by which exogenous MT mediates salt tolerance by regulating the photosynthetic capacity and ion balance of cotton seedlings still remains unknown. In this study, the regulatory effects of MT on the photosynthetic system, osmotic modulators, chloroplast, and anatomical structure of cotton seedlings were determined under 0–500 μM MT treatments with salt stress induced by treatment with 150 mM NaCl. Results Salt stress reduces the chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, intercellular CO2 concentration, transpiration rate, PSII photochemical efficiency, PSII actual photochemical quantum yield, the apparent electron transfer efficiency, stomata opening, and biomass. In addition, it increases non-photochemical quenching. All of these responses were effectively alleviated by exogenous treatment with MT. Exogenous MT reduces oxidative damage and lipid peroxidation by reducing salt-induced ROS and protects the plasma membrane from oxidative toxicity. MT also reduces the osmotic pressure by reducing the salt-induced accumulation of Na+ and increasing the contents of K+ and proline. Exogenous MT can facilitate stomatal opening and protect the integrity of cotton chloroplast grana lamella structure and mitochondria under salt stress, protect the photosynthetic system of plants, and improve their biomass. An anatomical analysis of leaves and stems showed that MT can improve xylem and phloem and other properties and aides in the transportation of water, inorganic salts, and organic substances. Therefore, the application of MT attenuates salt-induced stress damage to plants. Treatment with exogenous MT positively increased the salt tolerance of cotton seedlings by improving their photosynthetic capacity, stomatal characteristics, ion balance, osmotic substance biosynthetic pathways, and chloroplast and anatomical structures (xylem vessels and phloem vessels). Conclusions Our study attributes help to protect the structural stability of photosynthetic organs and increase the amount of material accumulation, thereby reducing salt-induced secondary stress. The mechanisms of MT-induced plant tolerance to salt stress provide a theoretical basis for the use of MT to alleviate salt stress caused by unreasonable irrigation, fertilization, and climate change.

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“…The positive correlation found between ROS production and MDA accumulation indicated that the increased lipid peroxidation observed under salinity was a direct effect of ROS on polyunsaturated components of membranes. The excessive accumulation of superoxide anion, hydrogen peroxide and MDA are common responses to salinity already observed in many other plant species, such as in Linum usitatissimum L. [ 37 ] and Indian mustard [ 38 ] leaves, cotton [ 39 ] and lentil [ 40 ] seedlings and mung bean roots and leaves [ 41 ]. Our results showed that the application of CTS at low and medium MW to durum wheat seedlings exposed to salinity was able to effectively reduce the accumulation of ROS and, consequently, ameliorate the stability of the membranes, as demonstrated by the decrease induced in the MDA content.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chitosan-Induced Activation of the Antioxidant Defense System Counteracts the Adverse Effects of Salinity in Durum Wheat

Quitadamo

Simone

Beleggia

et al. 2021

Plants

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The present study was carried out with the aim of (i) evaluating the effect of chitosan (CTS) on the growth of durum wheat under salinity and (ii) examining CTS-regulated mechanisms of salinity tolerance associated with the antioxidant defense system. To achieve these goals, durum wheat seedlings were treated with CTS at different molecular weight, low (L-CTS, 50–190 kDa), medium (M-CTS, 190–310 kDa) and high (H-CTS, 310–375 kDa). The results obtained show that exposure to 200 mM NaCl reduced the shoot and the root dried biomass by 38% and 59%, respectively. The growth impairment induced by salinity was strongly correlated with an increase in the superoxide anion production (5-fold), hydrogen peroxide content (2-fold) and malondialdehyde (MDA) content (4-fold). Seedlings responded to the oxidative stress triggered by salinity with an increase in the total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC) and total antioxidant activity (TAA) by 67%, 51% and 32%, respectively. A salt-induced increase in the activity of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase and catalase (CAT) of 89% and 86%, respectively, was also observed. Treatment of salt-stressed seedlings with exogenous CTS significantly promoted seedling growth, with the strongest effects observed for L-CTS and M-CTS, which increased the shoot biomass of stressed seedlings by 32% and 44%, respectively, whereas the root dried biomass increased by 87% and 64%, respectively. L-CTS and M-CTS treatments also decreased the superoxide anion production (57% and 59%, respectively), the hydrogen peroxide content (35% and 38%, respectively) and the MDA content (48% and 56%, respectively) and increased the TPC (23% and 14%, respectively), the TFC (19% and 10%, respectively), the TAA (up to 10% and 7%, respectively) and the CAT activity (29% and 20%, respectively). Overall, our findings indicate that CTS exerts its protective role against the oxidative damages induced by salinity by enhancing the antioxidant defense system. L-CTS and M-CTS were the most effective in alleviating the adverse effect of NaCl, thus demonstrating that the CTS action is strictly related to its molecular weight.

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Exogenous melatonin improves salt stress adaptation of cotton seedlings by regulating active oxygen metabolism

Cited by 50 publications

References 74 publications

Exogenous melatonin mitigates salinity‐induced damage in olive seedlings by modulating ion homeostasis, antioxidant defense, and phytohormone balance

Exogenous melatonin mitigates salinity‐induced damage in olive seedlings by modulating ion homeostasis, antioxidant defense, and phytohormone balance

Exogenous melatonin improves the salt tolerance of cotton by removing active oxygen and protecting photosynthetic organs

Chitosan-Induced Activation of the Antioxidant Defense System Counteracts the Adverse Effects of Salinity in Durum Wheat

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