Exogenous Application of Proline and L-Cysteine Alleviates Internal Browning and Maintains Eating Quality of Cold Stored Flat ‘Maleki’ Peach Fruits

Abstract

The postharvest life of flat peach fruit is limited by the appearance of chilling injury symptoms, especially internal browning. In this study, impacts of the exogenous application of proline (0, 5, 10, and 15 mM) and L-cysteine (0, 0.2, 0.4 and 0.6%) on attenuating chilling injury of flat peach fruit were evaluated all over the cold storage. The results demonstrated that the fruits treated with 15 mM proline and 0.4 % L-cysteine showed lower levels of internal browning and these treatments prevented the excess enhancement of total soluble solids (TSS), the decline of titratable acidity (TA) content and the loss of fruit firmness during storage time. A lower accumulation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), malondialdehyde (MDA), electrolyte leakage, and higher activity of antioxidant enzymes, along with higher ascorbic acid content and antioxidant capacity, were observed in treated fruits. Treated fruits also showed higher activity of phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) and conversely lower activity of polyphenol oxidase (PPO), which led to a higher accumulation of total phenols and flavonoids. Moreover, a higher accumulation of endogenous proline was observed in 15 mM proline treated fruits. Eventually, according to our results, the exogenous administration of proline and L-cysteine as safe, natural and environmentally friendly treatments, preserved the nutritional quality of flat peach fruits during long-term cold storage.

Evaluation of Proline-Coated Chitosan Nanoparticles on Decay Control and Quality Preservation of Strawberry Fruit (cv. Camarosa) during Cold Storage

“…Post-harvest chitosan coating has shown to be effective in enhancing activities of CAT, SOD and POD in guava [65] and fresh in-hull pistachio fruit [80]. These results are in agreement with previous studies that have reported the beneficial effect of proline in increasing ROS scavenging enzyme activities as found in rose [81], citrus [32] and flat peach [82]. In the present study, when compared with uncoated fruit, the CTS-and Pro-treated strawberries showed lower H 2 O 2 accumulation and O 2 −2 production as a result of higher SOD and CAT activity during cold storage.…”

Preharvest Application of Salicylic Acid, Calcium Acetate and Proline for Improving Fruit Quality and Shelf Life of “Early Swelling” Peaches

“…2 showed that preharvest application of salicylic acid, calcium acetate and their combination decreased fruit TSS, total sugars and peel anthocyanin content. The results of this study are in consistent with Kassem et al (2011), Awad, (2013), El-Shazly et al (2013 and Gohari et al (2021). Preharvest application of calcium and salicylic acid before harvest increased fruit acidity, peel chlorophyll a, b and decreased fruit TSS of "Florida king" peaches (Ali et al, 2014).…”

“…The positive role of salicylic acid, calcium acetate and proline on reducing weight loss could be attributed to its influence on stabilizing the structure of membranes, enhancing antioxidant system, postponing the senescence process, decreased electrolyte leakage (Kumar et al, 2010, Awad, 2013, Gang et al, 2014, Aly et al, 2019and Mohammad et al, 2019. Exogenous application of proline at 15 mM on "Flat peach" fruit during the cold storage showed higher activity of phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) and conversely lower activity of polyphenol oxidase (PPO), which led to a higher accumulation of total phenols and flavonoids which reflects on peel anthocyanin contents (Gohari et al, 2021).…”

“…Proline plays an important role in maintaining the structure and function of enzymes and membrane (Kumar et al, 2010: Trovato et al, 2019. Preharvest foliar application of proline at 15 mM on "Maleiki" peaches maintained nutritional quality and storability of fruits (Gohari et al, 2021). Thus, the aim of this experiment was to investigate the effects of preharvest application of salicylic acid, calcium acetate and proline on fruit quality and storability of "Early Swelling" peaches cultivar.…”

How to Cope with the Challenges of Environmental Stresses in the Era of Global Climate Change: An Update on ROS Stave off in Plants

“…Together with proline, sugars also protect photosystems against peroxidation under water deficit stress [139]. Besides these, a reduction in electrolytic leakage, H 2 O 2, and MDA was confined in certain horticulture crops when treated with 0.4% L-cysteine and 15 mM proline under chilling stress [213]. The mechanism is that L-cysteine and proline decrease the permeability of the membrane as well as lowers fatty acid peroxidation at membranal regions.…”