Abstract:This study shows that there exist a pair of universal and unique phase diagrams to describe general development of the pore shape in solid, resulting from a bubble captured by a solidification front. Like thermodynamics, phase diagrams have advantages to generally identify the states and design processes of a system. Pore formation and its shape in solids influence not only microstructure of materials but also contemporary issues of biology, engineering, foods, geophysics, and climate change, etc. In this stud… Show more
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