Existence of a light-sensitive phase in the photoperiodic termination of diapause inPieris brassicae L. (Insecta:Lepidoptera) and comparison with diapause induction

Brunnarius, Jeannine; Dumortier, Bernard

doi:10.1007/bf00612634

Cited by 14 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…of opposite response was found in Pieris brassicae (Brunnarius & Dumortier, 1984). The curves were also slightly different in the critical night length, shorter in diapause termination by about 0.5 h (10.5 h for diapause induction).…”

Section: Length Of Photophase (H)mentioning

confidence: 68%

“…Afterward, the effect of night inter ruption on diapause termination was demonstrated in five species. Brunnarius and Dumortier (1984) found one point of long day effect for diapause termination in P. brassicae, but two points (A and B) in diapause induction. Skopik et al (1986) found bimodal peaks (A and B) of long day effect in experiments on diapause ter mination in O. nubilalis, but one broad "trough" in experiments on diapause induction.…”

Section: Length Of Photophase (H)mentioning

confidence: 82%

“…A longer critical daylength for dia pause termination than for diapause induction was found for Lygus hesperus (Beards & Strong, 1966), Pyrrhocoris apterus (Saunders, 1983), P. brassicae (Brunnarius & Dumortier, 1984), Diatraea grandiosella (Takeda, 1985), and Ostrinia nubilalis (Skopik & Takeda, 1986). 5 Diapause termination of P. fasciata in a resonance experiment with a constant scotophase of 8 h and a photophase which was varied from 4h to 72h, in steps of 4h.…”

Section: Length Of Photophase (H)mentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Thus, the methodology used for analyzing photo periodic induction of diapause is also relevant for the study of diapause termination. Brunnarius and Dumortier (1984) were the first to apply the same technique in an experiment on diapause termination in Pieris brassicae. They found that in both diapause induction and termina tion, it was actually the scotophase length that was being measured.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Photoperiodic clock of diapause termination in Pseudopidorus fasciata (Lepidoptera: Zygaenidae)

Li¹,

Xue²,

Hua³

et al. 2003

Eur. J. Entomol.

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Abstract. Photoperiodic control of diapause termination was systematically investigated in Pseudopidorus fasciata. In 24 h lightdark cycles, the rate of diapause termination in this species depended on photoperiod. The critical night length (CNL) for diapause termination was 10 h, 0.5 h shorter than that for diapause induction. Night-interruption experiments with T = 24 showed that dia pause was effectively terminated when the scotophases separated by light pulse were shorter than the critical night length (10 h); no developing individuals were found if the duration of the pre-interruption scotophase or the post-interruption scotophase exceeded the CNL. A 15-min light pulse was sufficient to reverse the effect of long night when it was placed 8 h after lights-off. Resonance experiments with a constant photophase of 12 h or 16 h and various scotophases of 4-80 h showed an hourglass-type photoperiodic response, where no rhythmicity was found. In another resonance experiment with constant scotophase of 8 h and various photo phases of 4-72 h, all individuals developed into cocoons. In the Bunsow experiment, the response curve showed two apparent peaks for diapause termination, one being 8 h after lights-off, and another 8 h before lights-on. However, there was no periodic rhythmicity, which again indicates an hourglass principle. The results lead to the conclusion that the same photoperiodic clock mechanism (a long-night measuring hourglass) is involved in both diapause induction and termination.

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Section: Length Of Photophase (H)mentioning

confidence: 68%

Section: Length Of Photophase (H)mentioning

confidence: 82%

Section: Length Of Photophase (H)mentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Photoperiodic clock of diapause termination in Pseudopidorus fasciata (Lepidoptera: Zygaenidae)

Li¹,

Xue²,

Hua³

et al. 2003

Eur. J. Entomol.

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“…The technique used in the present research, consisting of the combination of contrasting signals (a short day with a short night and a long day with a long night), has been used before by Beach and Craig (1977) in Aedes atropalpus, Gnagey and Denlinger ( 1984) in Sarcophaga crassipalpis, Brunnarius and Dumortier ( 1984) in Pieris brassicae, Veerman and Vaz Nunes (1987) in T. urticae, and Veerman ( 1991 ) in Amblyseius potentillae; in all cases, the results obtained were similar to those presented in Table 2 of this paper.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Same Photoperiodic Clock May Control Induction and Maintenance of Diapause in the Spider Mite Tetranchus urticae

1993

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In the spider mite Tetranychus urticae, both diapause induction (which takes place during the larval and nymphal stages) and diapause maintenance (in the adult female) are under photoperiodic control. The question of whether or not the same photoperiodic clock is involved in both photoperiodic reactions was investigated in eight strains of the spider mite, originating from different localities in Europe. The methods employed consisted of (1) determination of the relative importance of the photophase and scotophase in the two photoperiodic reactions; (2) comparison of photoperiodic response curves for diapause induction and diapause maintenance; and (3) determination of the effect of light breaks on the capacity of long nights to maintain diapause, and comparison with the effect of light breaks in diapause induction experiments. The scotophase appeared to be much more important than the photophase for both diapause induction and diapause maintenance. In all strains the critical daylength for diapause maintenance, measured at the moment of saturation of the response to long daylengths, was identical to the critical daylength for diapause induction. However, the critical daylength for diapause maintenance appeared to be labile; it shifted gradually to shorter values as the mites were kept in the cold for a longer period of time, or were kept at a higher temperature for a progressively longer period of time after their stay in the cold room. This seems to reflect a gradual loss of photoperiodic control of diapause maintenance as diapause development proceeds. Photoperiods close to the critical daylength appeared to be less strong with regard to diapause maintenance than shorter daylengths. Quantitative differences in the "strength" of different daylengths were found in all strains investigated. Interruption of the night by short pulses of light revealed either one or two peaks of sensitivity in the night, or one broad "trough" where the two peaks had merged. However, in each case maximal sensitivity to the light breaks occurred at the same position in the night for diapause induction and diapause maintenance. The many similarities found lead to the conclusion that most probably the same photoperiodic clock mechanism is involved in both diapause induction and diapause maintenance in T. urticae.

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Metabolic energy status of diapausing nervous system inPieris brassicae: Comparison with the relative utilization of metabolic pathways in the whole insect body

Isabel¹,

Gourdoux²,

Puiroux³

et al. 1998

J. Exp. Zool.

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The temporal evolution of changes in energy metabolism of nervous tissues during postembryonic development in Pieris brassicae has been studied either in nondiapausing or diapausing development. We showed that the nervous system, during the diapause of insects, was characterized by a very large reduction in the quantitative level of metabolism, but the metabolic activity of the nervous system was never completely abolished. We also observed a typical diapausing metabolic pattern in the relative utilization of the catabolic pathways of glucose. The oxidative routes were 95% depressed (from 3‐day‐old to 30‐day‐old pupae), but the pentose cycle retained a relatively high degree (C6/C1≤ 0.25) of activity as compared to the Krebs cycle, clearly showing that synthetic processes were not fully abolished during the diapause period. Thus an apparently static morphological brain condition corresponds to a relatively dynamic state of metabolic activity. This phenomenon remained rather constant during all the time the insects were undergoing diapause and during wintering conditions (short daylight, low temperature for a minimum 3 months) but nevertheless appeared to be necessary to achieve diapause breakdown. After this long wintering period, when insects were replaced into summer conditions, most of them were able to exhibit a large increase of cerebral energy metabolism in both catabolic pathways of glucose. This led to adult emergence and enabled imaginal life. If diapausing insects did not undergo wintering conditions of a sufficiently long period prior to the emergence of the adult, they could not attain threshold levels of nervous system metabolic reactivation and thus would compromise the possibilities of emergence, resulting in the death (>95%) of the most of insects after diapause. J. Exp. Zool. 281:260–269, 1998. © 1998 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

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Existence of a light-sensitive phase in the photoperiodic termination of diapause inPieris brassicae L. (Insecta:Lepidoptera) and comparison with diapause induction

Cited by 14 publications

References 26 publications

Photoperiodic clock of diapause termination in Pseudopidorus fasciata (Lepidoptera: Zygaenidae)

Photoperiodic clock of diapause termination in Pseudopidorus fasciata (Lepidoptera: Zygaenidae)

The Same Photoperiodic Clock May Control Induction and Maintenance of Diapause in the Spider Mite Tetranchus urticae

Metabolic energy status of diapausing nervous system inPieris brassicae: Comparison with the relative utilization of metabolic pathways in the whole insect body

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