Exhaust gases emissions from agricultural tractors: State of the art and future perspectives for machinery operators

Lovarelli, Daniela; Bacenetti, Jacopo

doi:10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2019.07.011

Cited by 40 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…In Indonesia, more than 70% of polluted air is caused by vehicle emissions [34]. Motor vehicles will produce CO, CO2, HC, NOx gases which can have a negative impact on human health and the environment [3].…”

Section: Mechanical Alloys Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Science Teaching Materials for Students with Special Needs: Concept of Exhaust Emissions in Transportation Equipment

Maryanti¹

2021

IJSTT

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The purpose of this study was to find out science learning materials for students with special needs regarding the concept of exhaust emissions in transportation equipment. The research method used experimental demonstration. We prepared research instruments for learning the concept of exhaust emissions in transportation equipment for students with special needs. The results showed that several tools and materials must be provided and several lists of research instrument questions were made. In addition to tools and materials, methods and media must also be adapted to the needs of the child. That’s because the methods and media that are in accordance with the needs of students can make it easier for students to understand the learning material. We hope that the results of this study can make it easier for teachers to teach the concept of exhaust gas emission on transportation equipment, especially for students with special needs.

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Section: Mechanical Alloys Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The pollutants from exhaust gases that are very detrimental to health are NOx, HC, CO [3]. NOx gas can cause shortness of breath in asthmatics, often causes difficulty sleeping, coughs, and can also cause fog or smoke.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Science Teaching Materials for Students with Special Needs: Concept of Exhaust Emissions in Transportation Equipment

Maryanti¹

2021

IJSTT

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“…2 is recommended in the EU and builds on the methodology from the US Environment Protection Agency (EPA) designed to estimate off-road emissions, which has been enacted in the UK. The methods used to estimate exhaust gas emissions from agricultural tractors is compliant with methodologies proposed in literature [52]. Soil carbon impacts are reported in agriculture literature, yet they remain considered uncertain among CO 2 removal strategies [53].…”

Section: Emissions Models and Impact Indicatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental performance of miscanthus-lime lightweight concrete using life cycle assessment: Application in external wall assemblies

Ntimugura

Vinai

Harper

et al. 2021

Sustainable Materials and Technologies

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In the UK context, miscanthus is a potential alternative perennial crop for the development of bio-based building materials. This paper presents the environmental benefits of using miscanthus shives in lightweight blocks and their potential application in wall assemblies. A systemic life cycle assessment (LCA) is carried out for miscanthus-lime blocks, and the effects of binder type and binder content are discussed. The environmental performance-based analysis reveals that miscanthus blocks can capture 135 kg CO 2 eq/m 3 for an assumed 100years life period. The impact analysis using the University of Leiden, institute of environmental science (CML) baseline (v4.4) method shows that 75% of the greenhouse gas emissions are attributable to the production of mineral binders. A reduction of binder to aggregate ratio from 2.0 to 1.5 reduces greenhouse gas emissions by 32.9%. The use of 10 wt% mineral additions can potentially stabilise blocks while having little effect on their overall environmental impacts. The environmental profiles of wall systems incorporating miscanthus-lime blocks have been evaluated in this this study. Combining miscanthus blocks with fired clay bricks enables a potential low carbon retrofitting technique for the current stock of residential buildings in the UK. Timber-framed system filled with miscanthus blocks enables a carbon storage of~97.3 kg CO 2 eq/m 2 , which presents a potential carbon offsetting strategy in new-build dwellings. Consideration should be given to the potential negative impacts related to agricultural activities for the production of miscanthus shives. The largest negative environmental impact was ozone layer depletion, where a relative difference of 12.8% was recorded between miscanthus timber-framed wall and a typical solid wall insulated with mineral wool. It appears that miscanthus-lime composites can substantially improve the environmental profile of wall assemblies and sustainability be applied in existing uninsulated masonry walls or incorporated in timber-framed new-build houses.

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“…Agricultural machinery (AM) is a major emission source, especially in some developing countries, such as China and India, where AM has become an essential tool for transportation, planting and harvesting, most of which were fueled with diesel and have been poorly maintained [9]. Regulatory bodies, such as the EU and US Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA), have introduced standards to regulate the exhaust emissions from non-road vehicles including AM [10,11]. The European legislation standards refer to Emission Stages, while in the US they are identified as Tiers [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying Air Pollutant Emission from Agricultural Machinery Using Surveys—A Case Study in Anhui, China

Zheng

et al. 2021

Atmosphere

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Diesel-powered agricultural machinery (AM) is a significant contributor to air pollutant emissions, including nitrogen oxides (NOx) and particulate matter (PM). However, the fuel consumption and pollutant emissions from AM remain poorly quantified in many countries due to a lack of accurate activity data and emissions factors. In this study, the fuel consumption and air pollutant emission from AM were estimated using a survey and emission factors from the literature. A case study was conducted using data collected in Anhui, one of the agricultural provinces of China. The annual active hours of AM in Anhui ranged 130 to 175 h. The estimated diesel fuel consumption by AM was 1.45 Tg in 2013, approximately 25% of the total diesel consumption in the province. The air pollutants emitted by AM were 57 Gg of carbon monoxide, 14 Gg of hydrocarbon, 74 Gg of NOx and 5.7 Gg of PM in 2013. The NOx and PM emissions from AM were equivalent to 17% and 22% of total on-road traffic emissions in Anhui. Among nine types of AM considered, rural vehicles are the largest contributors to fuel consumption (31%) and air emissions (33–45%).

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Exhaust gases emissions from agricultural tractors: State of the art and future perspectives for machinery operators

Cited by 40 publications

References 31 publications

Science Teaching Materials for Students with Special Needs: Concept of Exhaust Emissions in Transportation Equipment

Science Teaching Materials for Students with Special Needs: Concept of Exhaust Emissions in Transportation Equipment

Environmental performance of miscanthus-lime lightweight concrete using life cycle assessment: Application in external wall assemblies

Quantifying Air Pollutant Emission from Agricultural Machinery Using Surveys—A Case Study in Anhui, China

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