Exhaust Gas Emissions of Butanol, Ethanol, and Methanol-Gasoline Blends

Rice, Robert C.; Sanyal, A. K.; Elrod, Alvon C.; Bata, Reda M.

doi:10.1115/1.2906241

Cited by 114 publications

(59 citation statements)

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“…Cases 5 and 6 (which have water injection) indicate relative reductions of 10.4% and 25.3% in NOx emissions, respectively. The ethanol content itself demonstrated a decrease in NOx emission; this observation is consistent with some of the previous studies [10][11][12][13][14] and is primarily due to high heat of vaporization of ethanol compared to gasoline, which decreases the charge temperature [15].…”

Section: Combustion E Ciencysupporting

confidence: 80%

“…This was attributed to a faster ame speed, which produced a higher peak pressure and, therefore, a higher peak temperature in the combustion process. However, there are some discrepancies in the literature on the e ect of ethanol on NOx emissions of SI engines [10], and there are a number of other studies that have demonstrated a reduction in NOx emissions using ethanol gasoline blends [11][12][13][14]. This has been attributed to high heat of vaporization of ethanol compared to gasoline, which decreases the charge temperature and reduces thermal NOx formation [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

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Performance and emissions optimization of an ethanol-gasoline fueled SI engine with oxygen enrichment using artificial bee colony algorithm

2017

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Abstract. The use of arti cial neural network in conjunction with arti cial bee colony algorithm is proposed as a method for performance and emissions optimization of an SI engine. The case study here involves the oxygen enriched combustion of an SI engine fueled with hydrous ethanol and gasoline. In this study, the engine was considered as a black box and its performance and emissions were extracted experimentally at di erent intake air oxygen concentrations, hydrous ethanol injection rates, and ethanol concentration in the hydrous ethanol mixture. Then, the simultaneous injection of hydrous ethanol and oxygen enriched combustion was investigated to maximize the fuel conversion e ciency and minimize the CO and NOx emissions. Therefore, an objective function consisting of both the emission and performance parameters was optimized using the Arti cial Bee Colony algorithm. The engine model used in this optimization process was obtained from an Arti cial Neural Network trained with experimental engine data. For operating speed of 3000 rpm, the optimization results indicated 1.21% improvement in fuel conversion e ciency and 31.11% and 13.94% reduction in CO and NOx emissions, respectively. At the speed of 2000 rpm, fuel conversion e ciency improved by 4.11% and CO emission decreased by 18.73%, while NOx concentration increased by 28.35%.

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Section: Combustion E Ciencysupporting

confidence: 80%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Performance and emissions optimization of an ethanol-gasoline fueled SI engine with oxygen enrichment using artificial bee colony algorithm

2017

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“…Specifically, many of the theoretical and experimental studies evaluating the potential of alcohols are based on ethanol [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16], while other studies have been performed on butanol-fueled engines [17][18][19][20][21], or on assessing n-butanol as a blending agent with gasoline [22][23][24][25][26]. Ethanol can be used as a neat fuel in spark-ignited engines or blended up to 40% with diesel fuel for use in compression-ignition (CI) engines [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. Ethanol is biodegradable, it is less detrimental to ground water, and it has an octane number higher than gasoline with positive effect on vehicle emissions [14][15][16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies have already been performed in order to investigate the use of both types of alcohols in spark-ignited engines, either blended with gasoline [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] or as a neat fuel [22][23][24][25][26]. A review of ethanol/gasoline blends impact on performance and emissions of a spark-ignited engine is given in [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Theoretical Study of the Effects of Spark Timing on the Performance and Emissions of a Light-Duty Spark Ignited Engine Running under Either Gasoline or Ethanol or Butanol Fuel Operating Modes

Papagiannakis

Rakopoulos

2017

Energies

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Much research is ongoing to find suitable alternate fuels in order to reduce the exhaust emission levels without deteriorating the basic performance characteristics of conventional spark-ignited (SI) engines. One of the methods to achieve the above problem is the use of alcohols as full supplement fuels to normal gasoline. At the same time, many related research studies have shown that the use of alcohols has a negative impact on some basic engine performance characteristics, e.g., brake power output, etc. On the other hand, spark timing is one of the critical engine operating parameters that significantly influences the combustion mechanism inside the combustion chamber of a SI engine. Therefore, the primary objective of the present work is to investigate the effect of spark timing on the performance and emissions characteristics of a conventional, four-stroke, SI engine running under three different fuel operating modes, viz. with conventional gasoline or ethanol or butanol. The specific investigation is conducted by using an in-house, comprehensive, two-zone phenomenological model. The predictive ability of the model is tested against pertinent experimental data and it is found that the computed results are in good agreement with the respective experimental ones. For all test cases examined herein, the results concern basic engine performance characteristics, i.e., cylinder pressure, power output, specific fuel consumption etc., as well as NO and CO emissions. The main objectives of the work were to record and evaluate the impact that spark timing has on the performance characteristics and emitted pollutants of a conventional SI engine, operating under either conventional gasoline or ethanol or butanol fuel operating modes. Moreover, it deals with the determination of an optimum combination between the type of fuel used and the spark timing, so that probable undesirable effects on engine performance characteristics would be avoided. By comparing this investigation results, it is revealed that the use of alcohols as a full substitute fuel of gasoline accompanied with an appropriate alteration of the spark timing, could be a promising solution to improving both the efficiency and environmental behavior of a light-duty, spark-ignited (SI) engine, without causing any harmful problems to the engine operational lifetime. The conclusions from the study may prove valuable for the application of this technological solution to existing conventional SI engines.

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“…Several studies have been exploited to investigate the influence of methanol and ethanol on the performance of gasoline fueled spark ignition engines [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26]. Ashraf [9] investigated the performance and exhaust emissions from spark-ignition engine fueled with ethanol-methanol-gasoline blends.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance Evaluation of Spark Ignited Engine Fueled with Gasoline-Ethanol-Methanol Blends

Kamil¹,

Nazzal²

2016

JEPE

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Abstract:In this paper, experimental investigations are presented to assess the performance variations in a single cylinder spark ignited engine when run with three different gasoline-alcohol blends: (88% gasoline-12% methanol, 88% gasoline-12% ethanol and 88% gasoline-6% methanol-6% ethanol). Additional tests are carried out with the basic gasoline fuel for comparison analysis and performance assessment. Engine performance is investigated under a variety of engine operating conditions. The results are presented in the domain of engine speed. In particular, the brake power of the engine is shown to be slightly increased. The brake thermal efficiency showed an increase compared with the basic gasoline engine. Similarly, it is shown that brake specific fuel consumption is enhanced compared with basic gasoline engine. The exhaust gas temperature showed a decrease compared with gasoline fuel which is preferable to reduce emissions. The alcohol additives are strongly recommended to enhance performance, increasing the mileage and reducing the emissions.

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Exhaust Gas Emissions of Butanol, Ethanol, and Methanol-Gasoline Blends

Cited by 114 publications

References 0 publications

Performance and emissions optimization of an ethanol-gasoline fueled SI engine with oxygen enrichment using artificial bee colony algorithm

Performance and emissions optimization of an ethanol-gasoline fueled SI engine with oxygen enrichment using artificial bee colony algorithm

Theoretical Study of the Effects of Spark Timing on the Performance and Emissions of a Light-Duty Spark Ignited Engine Running under Either Gasoline or Ethanol or Butanol Fuel Operating Modes

Performance Evaluation of Spark Ignited Engine Fueled with Gasoline-Ethanol-Methanol Blends

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