Exhaled Breath Temperature in Asthmatics and Controls after Eucapnic Voluntary Hyperventilation and a Methacholine Challenge Test

Svensson, Henning; Bjermer, Leif; Tufvesson, Ellen

doi:10.1159/000355088

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Peroni et al [21] found no correlation with EBTp in 50 children with asthma treated with ICS after exercise-induced bronchoconstriction, while in asthmatic children not treated with ICS they found an increase in EBTp and a decrease in FEV 1 after the same exercise. Svensson et al [22] did not find changes in EBTp in asthma patients before or after two bronchoconstriction tests (eucapnic voluntary hyperventilation and methacholine challenge). These differences between studies could be explained by the anti-inflammatory effect of ICS.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Usefulness of the Exhaled Breath Temperature Plateau in Asthma Patients

Lessmann

Giner

Torrego³

et al. 2015

Respiration

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Background: Exhaled breath temperature (EBT) has recently been proposed as a noninvasive marker of bronchial inflammation in patients with asthma. However, the usefulness of EBT in everyday clinical practice is not well established. Results to date are contradictory and are mainly derived from small, pediatric populations. A comparison of results is further complicated by the use of different equipment and measurements. Objective: We performed a comprehensive study to determine whether EBT is related to asthma control, disease severity, bronchial obstruction, or bronchial inflammation. Methods: Sixty-nine patients on maintenance treatment for asthma were included in a cross-sectional study. At the same visit, we measured the EBT plateau (EBTp) using an X-halo Breath Thermometer (Delmedica, Singapore), the fraction of exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO), spirometry, and inflammatory cell count in induced sputum, and we administered the Asthma Control Test questionnaire. Results: No significant differences were found between EBTp measurements and the level of asthma control, disease severity, bronchial obstruction, FeNO levels, or inflammatory asthma phenotypes. We found a significant difference between EBTp and gender. The EBTp was 34.07°C (SD 0.74) in women and 34.38°C (0.46) in men (p = 0.038). We also found a significant correlation between EBTp measurements and the induced sputum eosinophil count (R = -0.348, p = 0.003). Conclusions: The results of this study do not support the usefulness of the EBTp in asthma management in routine clinical practice. Further research using standardized methods is needed to determine the potential use of the EBTp measurement in asthma management.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Usefulness of the Exhaled Breath Temperature Plateau in Asthma Patients

Lessmann

Giner

Torrego³

et al. 2015

Respiration

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“…It has been hypothesized that bronchial inflammatory processes may cause vascular dilation and increase bronchial blood flow, which may be responsible for the increase in exhaled breath temperature in asthma patients [88,89]. …”

Section: Studies Conducted On Exhaled Airmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, Svensson et al [88,90] showed that exhaled breath temperature increases after exercise as well as after both eucapnic voluntary hyperventilation and methacholine challenge tests. In all cases, this is related to the fall in both FEV 1 and the oral temperature, suggesting a vascular response.…”

Section: Studies Conducted On Exhaled Airmentioning

confidence: 99%

Usefulness of Noninvasive Methods for the Study of Bronchial Inflammation in the Control of Patients with Asthma

Muñoz

Bustamante²,

López-Campos³

et al. 2015

Int Arch Allergy Immunol

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Bronchial asthma is one of the most prevalent respiratory conditions. Although it is defined as an inflammatory disease, the current guidelines for both diagnosis and follow-up of patients are based only on clinical and lung function parameters. Current research is focused on finding markers that can accurately predict future risk, and on assessing the ability of these markers to guide medical treatment and thus improve prognosis. The use of noninvasive methods to study airway inflammation is gaining increasing support. The study of eosinophils in induced sputum has proved useful for the diagnosis of asthma; however, its clinical implementation is complex. Some studies have shown that the measurement of exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) may also be useful to establish disease phenotypes and improve control. Others have found that the measurement of pH and certain markers of oxidative stress, cytokines and prostanoids in exhaled breath condensate (EBC) may also be useful as well as the measurement of the temperature of exhaled breath and the analysis of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). In conclusion, since asthma is an inflammatory disease, it seems appropriate to try to control it through the study of airway inflammation using noninvasive methods. In this regard, the analysis of induced sputum cells has proved very useful, although the clinical implementation of this technique seems difficult. Other techniques such as temperature measurement, the analysis of FeNO, the analysis of the VOCs in exhaled breath, or the study of certain biomarkers in EBC require further study in order to determine their clinical applicability.

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“…Histopathological and morphometric observations confirmed this result showing an increase of the smooth muscle layer thickness and accumulation of mucus leading to the obstruction of the bronchial lumen. Previous studies indicated that MeCh effect on bronchial smooth muscle cells, endothelial cells and mucus-producing cells was mediated by muscarinic receptors with an increase in intracellular calcium (Van Schoor, Joos, Pauwels, 2000;Anderson, 2010;Svensson, Bjermer, Tufvesson, 2014). Interestingly, we showed for the first time that PACAP analog as well as PACAP38 and Terb potentially reversed airway resistance induced by MeCh.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase Activating Peptide (1-38) and its analog (Acetyl-[Ala15, Ala20] PACAP 38-polyamide) reverse methacholine airway hyperresponsiveness in rats

Tlili¹,

Rouatbi

Gandia

et al. 2015

Braz. J. Pharm. Sci.

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The aim of this study was to investigate both functionally and structurally bronchodilator effects of Pituitary adenylate cyclase activating peptide (PACAP38) and acetyl- [Ala 15 , Ala 20 ] PACAP38-polyamide, a potent PACAP38 analog, in rats challenged by methacholine (MeCh). Male Wistar rats were divided randomly into five groups. Groups 1 and 2 inhaled respectively aerosols of saline or increasing doses of MeCh (0.5, 1, 2.12, 4.25, 8.5, 17, 34 and 68mg/L). The other groups received terbutaline (Terb) (250 µg/rat) (10 -6 M), PACAP38 (50 µg/rat) (0.1 mM) or PACAP38 analog (50 µg/rat) associated to MeCh from the dose of 4.25 mg/L. Total lung resistances (R L ) were recorded before and 2 min after MeCh administration by pneumomultitest equipment. MeCh administration induced a significant and a dosedependent increase (p<0.05) of R L compared to control rats. Terb, PACAP38 and PACAP38 analog reversed significantly the MeCh-induced bronchial constriction, smooth muscle (SM) layer thickness and bronchial lumen mucus abundance. PACAP38 analog prevents effectively bronchial smooth muscle layer thickness, mucus hypersecretion and lumen decrease. Therefore, it may constitute a potent therapeutic bronchodilator. ]PACAP 38-poliamida, potente análogo do PACAP-38, nos ratos desafiados pelo metacolina (MeCh). Ratos Wistar machos foram aleatoriamente divididos em cinco grupos. Grupos 1 e 2, inalando aerossóis de solução salina ou doses crescentes de MeCh (0,5, 1, 2,12, 4,25, 8,5, 17, 34 e 68 mg/L). Os outros grupos recebendo terbutalina (Terb) (250 µg/rato) (10 -6 M), PACAP-38 (50 µg/rato) (0.1 mM) ou análogo do PACAP-38 (50 µg/rato) associados a MeCh na dose de 4,25 mg/L. A resistência pulmonar total (R L ) foi registrada antes e 2 min após a administração de Mech pelo equipamento pneumomultiteste. A administração MeCh induziu aumento significativo e dose dependente (p<0,05) de R L em comparação com ratos do grupo controle. Terb e PACAP1-38 e análogo do PACAP-38 reverteram, significativamente, a constrição brônquica induzida por Mech, a espessura do músculo liso (SM) e abundância de muco do lume brônquico. O análogo PACAP-38 do mesmo modo que a Terb impediu a responsividade brônquica a MeCh e pode se constituir em um importante regulador no desenvolvimento da doença inflamatório pulmonar. Contudo, o uso do peptídeo nativo para aplicações terapêuticas é limitado por sua baixa estabilidade metabólica. Consequentemente, o análogo metabolicamente estável representa ferramenta promissora no tratamento de doenças pulmonares inflamatórias. UnitermsUnitermos: Adenilato cilase da pituitária/efeitos/doença pulmonar inflamatória. Adenilato cilase da pituitária/análogos/efeitos em doença pulmonar inflamatória. Metacolina. Resistência pulmonar. Broncodilatores/efeitos. Doenças pulmonares inflamatórias/tratamento.

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Exhaled Breath Temperature in Asthmatics and Controls after Eucapnic Voluntary Hyperventilation and a Methacholine Challenge Test

Cited by 9 publications

References 31 publications

Usefulness of the Exhaled Breath Temperature Plateau in Asthma Patients

Usefulness of the Exhaled Breath Temperature Plateau in Asthma Patients

Usefulness of Noninvasive Methods for the Study of Bronchial Inflammation in the Control of Patients with Asthma

Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase Activating Peptide (1-38) and its analog (Acetyl-[Ala15, Ala20] PACAP 38-polyamide) reverse methacholine airway hyperresponsiveness in rats

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